2000, Vol.12, No.1

The confucian view of human being of Lee Je-ma and his spirits to apply Sasang Constitutional Medicine

Song Il Byoung | 2000, 12(1) | pp.1~9 | number of Cited : 1

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1. Objects of Research Dong-mu Lee Je-ma was tried to solve the diseases of human beings through Sasang Constitutional Medicine with new viewpoints on human beings and life compared with the existed medicine. So it was very important to understand his medical views in order to apply Sasang Constitutional Medicine in clinical treatment. In this paper, I tried to find his medical views on human beings, life, and diseases to get informations in clinical application. 2. Methods of Research It was researched as bibliologically with his writings such as 『Dongyi Soose Bowon(東醫壽世保元)』, 『Dongyi Soose Bowon Sasang Chobongyun(東醫壽世保元四象草本卷)』, 『Dongmu Yugo(東武遺稿)』, 『Gyukchigo(格致藁)』. 3. Results and Conclusions The conclusions were as follows. 1. 『I Ching』's recognition of Things is that based on Yin-yang theory, originated from Taoism, and aimed to 'the Fine point of Easiness and Simpleness(易簡之妙)'. On the other hand, Dong-mu's is that based on Sasang theory, originated from Confucianism and designed to developed 'the Fine point of Easiness and Simpleness' in view of Sasang(四象). 2. Dong-mu Lee Je-ma had devoted himself in his whole life to establishing new paradigm in the Confucianism, inventing new medicine and, furthermore, embodying the spirit of General health maintenance. 3. Dong-mu Lee Je-ma recognized 'the Fine point of Easiness and Simpleness' in view of Sasang and offered new viewpoint of human being through summarizing various existing viewpoints. 4. Dong-mu Lee Je-ma established new viewpoint of life span of human being through offering new ideas such as 'Inherent vitality(命脈實數)', 'Essential power of organ(臟의 本常之氣)' and 'Regimen in ordinary life(生息充補之道)'. 5. Dong-mu Lee Je-ma embodied 'the Fine point of Easiness and Simpleness' in medicine through offering, in a wide meaning, the spirit of the General health maintenance and the spirit of the Positive medical treatment.

Overview of four subgroups in Soeum(Lessor Yin) Constitution, Which are classified based on 'Chang(=Viscera) and Fu(=Bowels) meridian theory'

Yom Tae-hwan | 2000, 12(1) | pp.10~23 | number of Cited : 0

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Four-constitutional theory proposed by Dr. Lee, Je-ma has been evolve for last 100years by his followers. One of the major progresses was the emergence of constitutional acupuncture proposed by Dr. Kwan Doh-won. Constitutional acupuncture included the new pulse diagnostic method to determine the body type, pulse diagrams and corresponding acupuncture method called five element acupuncture in which five-element points in 12 meridian channels are used. Dr. Sa-ahm proposed five-element acupuncture three and a half hundred years age. Conjunction of Dr Lee's theory to Dr. Kwan proposed eight constitutions with eight pulse diagrams. He also adopted eight acupuncture prescriptions out of twenty-four Sa-ahm's acupuncture prescriptions. The author, Dr. Yom Tae-hwa, proposed more inclusive theory of 24 constitutions with 24 diagnostic pulse diagrams in Las Vegas International Acupuncture Convention in 1986. This article reviews history of constitutional medicine briefly. Each step of theoretical evolution from four-constitutional theory to twenty-four-constitutional theory is explained. By understanding the theoretical connection between twelve meridian channels based on five-element theory and four-constitutional theory in the article, one will easily accept the emergence of twelve of twenty four constitutional theory. Next, the article is focused on four subcategories under Sao-Yin constitution, which are one-sixth of 24 constitution. in this section classification, pulse diagnostic method, pulse diagram acupuncture prescriptions and herbal prescriptions are explained in detail. Then, clinical trial reports of acupuncture treatment and/or herbal formulas for such constitutions are attached for the rest part of the article. the purpose of this paper is to present the new hypothesis with the result of preliminary clinical trial hoping that additional clinical reports from other practitioners in this field triggers well-designed clinical study in future.

An Inquiry into the Meaning of "Sasang" in the I Ching and Its Relationship to the Sasang Medicine

Lee Sung-hwan , Kim Ki-hyon | 2000, 12(1) | pp.24~36 | number of Cited : 0

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Purpose : Many believe that the Sasang mentioned in the I Ching and the Sasang of Sasang Medicine (as expounded by Dr. Lee Je-ma in the book Longevity and Life Preservation in Oriental Medicine) refer to different concepts. This is untrue. In order to understand the thought patterns of Dr. Lee Je-ma and his book, it is necessary to first understand the concepts of the I Ching. The I Ching was the most respected text in Dr. Lee Je-ma time, and served as the foundation upon which his medicine stood. The purpose of this research is to understand the concept of Sasang in the I Ching and how it applies to the Sasang medicine. Method : The authors first defined the term Sasang according to the theory of I Ching. It was then discussed in relation to theories of modern science. Inferences were made as to how Sasang corresponds to the terminologies and concepts of modern science. The characteristics of Sasang interpreted through modern science were then applied to the physiology, pathology and pharmacology of Sasang Medicine. Results and Conclusion : 1. The Sasang theory of the I Ching organizes seemingly random and isolated natural phenomena into four distinct groups according to various attributes. The particular characteristics representing each of these four categories are known as Sasang. 2. The Sasang theory of I Ching has a strong correlation to the Theory of Relativity and the Theory of Complementarity, as well as the Digital and Fractal Theories. 3. By applying the Sasang Theory to various fields, the seemingly unrelated principles of physics, chemistry, biology and medicine can be seen as parts of a whole. 4. Sasang Medicine categorizes human morphology, physiology and pharmacology into four categories according to the characteristics defined by the Sasang Theory of the I Ching. 5. Grouping new discoveries of modern physics, chemistry, biology and medicine according to the Sasang Theory will bring to light the intricacies of the Sasang Theory while facilitating the incorporation of modern science into Sasang Medicine.

An Empirical Correlation Study Between Sasang Constitutions and Job Characteristic

Yoon Sang-won , Kal Won-mo | 2000, 12(1) | pp.37~47 | number of Cited : 0

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We detect lots of problems on the manufacturing spot because of working results done without considering the aptitude and inherited temper(constitution, blood type, male and female) of the worker, and they lead to results not only the occupational disease and the cause of industrial accidents but also quality deterioration and productivity reduction in point of view of manufacturing management. For the purpose of solving these problems, this study is perfomed by grasping the correlation sasang constitutions and job characteristic of small & medium enterprises. We classify sasang constitutions to four types : so-yang-in type, tae-yang-in type, tae-em-in type, so-em-in type by the utilization of QSCC II and the doctor aid of oriental medicine, and also survey differences of classified sasang constitutions with previous studies. This study tries to identify significant features between major jobs resulting from sasang constitution types in a specific small & medium enterprise producing agricultural machinery(a tractor, a combine, etc). The results of this case study indicate that sasang constitution types influences job types. Under the working conditions that virtual reality scene photographed by video camera are running, also the effects of brain function of each worker using Electroencephalograms(EEGs) are investigated. Electroencephalograms(EEGs) provide much information about the brain function, such as relaxation, concentration, various thoughts and so on. Previous studies reported the appearance of θ waves and an increase in the ${\alpha}$ 수식 이미지 waves during psychologically satisfaction conditions. An statistical analysis of experiments conducted shows the various changes of brain waves(α,β,θ,δ waves). By means of these study results, we can identify that sasang constitutions should be applied to contribute much to quality advancement and productivity improvement through a comparative study on the job characteristic.

Group Brainstorming Activity according to Sasang Constitutional Medicine

KyungWonJeon | 2000, 12(1) | pp.48~62 | number of Cited : 1

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Creativity is the most important characteristic and ability in the 21st century. Recently leading people in Korean society are aware of the significance of the enhancement of the creativity. However, Korean students are less likely to take initiative or depart from standard ways of thinking or doing things, because Korean Confucius culture puts an emphasis on collectivism. An individual has an obligation to conform in order to avoid conflict and maintain social harmony. The rule of respecting parents and teachers leads to a lack of self-expression and entails silence. Brainstorming technique developed by American Osbron, who originated the group brainstorming in 1953, is the most popular creative thinking method for the students. Brainstorming technique has two principles : ideation can be more productive if criticism is concurrently excluded; The more ideas the better. In doing BS, each panel should consist of chairperson, an assistant chairperson, recorder, and 10 others including 2-3 females. However there are several problems in doing group BS, such as production blocking, uniformity thinking, evaluation apprehension, and social loafing. This study was undertaken to investigate the proper way of forming Brainstorming groups with Korean students according to the Sasang Constitutional Medicine originated by Korean Lee Je-ma in 1894. Human beings are classified in four group in Sasang Constitutional Medicine : Taeyang-In, Teaum-In, Soyang-In and Soum-In. Two Yang-Ins are more self-expressive : Taeyang-In has very unique ides and thoughts; Soyang-In is very humorous and like to present his/her ideas. On the other hand, two Um-Ins are passive and are not likely to speak out their ideas in group. Therefore, in this investigation firstly, the brainstorming group was formed with two Yang-Ins (Taeyang-In and Soyang-In) and two Um-Ins(Taeum-In and Soum-In) separately and secondly, Yang-Ins and Um-Ins were mixed. And the first method was compared with the second method in terms of the degree of participation of the group members and finally the better grouping method to produce more and better ideas was discussed and suggested for the educational system.

A Sasang Theory of Leadership

Kim Marn-in | 2000, 12(1) | pp.63~83 | number of Cited : 0

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Modern approach of the discourse on viscera and bowels and retrogressive disorder

Cho， Hwang-Sung | 2000, 12(1) | pp.84~100 | number of Cited : 0

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A Study of preservation of health in the Dongyi Soose Bowon Sasang Chobonguen

Kim Sun-min , Song Il Byoung | 2000, 12(1) | pp.101~109 | number of Cited : 0

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The Bibiographical investigation of effect of GYPSUM FIBROSUM in Dongyi Soose Bowon

Jung Kwang-hee , Koh Byung-Hee , Song Il Byoung | 2000, 12(1) | pp.110~119 | number of Cited : 2

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The Clinical Study on the Constitutional symptomatic pattern of Soyangin and Taeumin inpatients in stroke

Jun-Hee Lee , Koh Byung-Hee , Song Il Byoung | 2000, 12(1) | pp.120~135 | number of Cited : 0

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Objective ; The purpose of this study is to find out the constitutional symptomatic pattern of Soyangin and Taeumin through investigation of difference between two groups in stroke. Method ; 70 inpatients(Soyangin 31, Taeumin 39) in stroke, admitted into Kyung-Hee Oriental Hospital from 1. July. 1999 to 20. Sept. 1999, were investigated through questionnare which consists of 16 parts 155 questions, and the problems which have significant difference between Soyangin and Taeumin group were analyzed statistically. Result 1. The analysis of general characteristic difference between Soyangin and Taeumin group ① The number of Soyangin patients is 31, Taeumin 39 and the number of Male patients 43, Female 27. ② The mean weight of Taeumin group is heavier than that of Soyangin group and the degree of obesity of Taeumin group higher. ③ The number of patients who have smoking history is more at Soyangin group. ④ In neurological problem, dizziness is more complained of in Soyangin group. 2. The analysis about the result of Questionnare ① In problems related with 'Sleeping', the time of going to bed and getting up and the duration of sleeping are more irregular in Taeumin group. ② In problems related with 'Defecation', the shape of stool is more variable in Taeumin group. ③ In problems related with 'Urination', Soyangin group have more complaint. ④ In problems related with 'The condition of digestion', Taeumin group have a good appetite and more compalint in lower abdominal region, but on the contrary Soyangin group lose appetite and have more complaint in upper abdominal region. ⑤ In problems related with 'Head and Face', Soyangin group have more complaint. ⑥ In problems related with 'Eye, Ear and Nose', Soyangin group have more complaint at eye and ear. ⑦ In promlems related with 'Chest region', Soyangin group easily feel choked up and Taeumin group heart throbs. ⑧ In problems related with 'Skin', Taeumin group easily feel change of color tone at skin and Soyangin group dry.

A Study on the Psychological characteristics of Sasang Constitution by using BDI and STAI

Seo Woong , Kim Lakhyung , Kwon Bo-hyung and 1 other persons | 2000, 12(1) | pp.136~143 | number of Cited : 4