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The State of Social Integration for Female North Korean Defectors and Its Challenges: Focusing on Crime Prevention

  • 아시아여성연구
  • 2025, 64(3), pp.397~423
  • Publisher : Research Institute of Asian Women
  • Research Area : Interdisciplinary Studies > Gender Studies
  • Received : October 14, 2025
  • Accepted : December 18, 2025
  • Published : December 30, 2025

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ABSTRACT

This study aims to analyze the state of social integration of female North Korean defectors, who constitute the majority of defectors entering South Korea, from a crime prevention perspective. Using PEST analysis as a theoretical framework, this study identifies the holistic environment where political-institutional limitations, economic pressures, socio-cultural exclusion, and technological alienation interact to drive these women into a state of ‘structural vulnerability,’ making them susceptible to crime. The findings reveal that the failure of their social integration, coupled with unstable economic conditions, social isolation, and psychological trauma, acts as a key mechanism that simultaneously amplifies their risk of both criminal perpetration and victimization. In particular, the excessive burden of childcare, concentrated on these women, many of whom are single mothers, was identified as the most significant barrier to their economic self-sufficiency. Based on these findings, this study proposes that a gender-sensitive social integration policy-encompassing comprehensive childcare support, long-term trauma healing, systematic legal protection, and improvement of social perception-is the most effective crime prevention strategy, moving beyond conventional welfare-based support.

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