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Transplantation and Dilution of the Soviet Type University Model in North Korea

Jung, Keunsik 1 KIMYUNHEE 2 LIM, SU JIN 1

1서울대학교
2서울대학교 사회과학대학 사회학과

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ABSTRACT

The history of universities in North Korea started from 1946 when Kim Il Sung University was founded. However, this history has not been thoroughly studied especially in relation to the Soviet Union and its influences. Therefore, this paper examines the formation, consolidation, and collapse of universities in North Korea that were based on the “soviet type university.” This research looks at a number of North Korean documents and is based on in-depth interviews conducted with North Korean defectors to South Korea who graduated from North Korean universities. North Korea started preparations to establish Kim Il Sung University right after Korea’s liberation from Japan. Kim Il Sung University tried to show its “national” identity when it was founded in 1946 but it soon fully adopted the “soviet type university” model. As a result, Pyongyang University of Technology and Pyongyang Medical College became independent in October 1948. The soviet type university model became more pronounced when the Academy of Sciences was founded. However, the adopted “soviet type university” model started to collapse under a number of political issues such as North Korea's internal political conflict in 1956 and the Sino- Soviet split in 1960s, and its collapse became more imminent when the Soviet Union was dissolved in the early 1990s.

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