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The Stance of the U.S. toward Repatriation of Koreans in Japan to North Korea in Early 1959

  • Asia Review
  • Abbr : SNUACAR
  • 2022, 12(1), pp.343~366
  • Publisher : 아시아연구소
  • Research Area : Social Science > Social Science in general
  • Received : October 15, 2021
  • Accepted : March 30, 2022
  • Published : April 30, 2022

Yeo Rin KANG 1

1서울대학교 일본연구소

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to complement existing studies on the U.S.’s changing stance on the repatriation of Koreans in Japan to North Korea in early 1959, thereby attempting further detailed analysis. As a main actor in Northeast Asia during the Cold War, the U.S. wielded influences over the repatriation of Koreans in Japan to North Korea. Therefore, this study gives a detailed analysis of the U.S. stance on the repatriation of Koreans in Japan to North Korea in terms of ‘neutrality’ and ‘engagement.’ Against such a backdrop, the paper conducts a historical analysis using primary source documents from January to March 1959, thereby placing the findings in chronological order. This research contends that the U.S. gradually changed engagement from January to March 1959. On January 30, Japan announced the principle of repatriation of Koreans in Japan to North Korea. The U.S. officially expressed that it remained a staunch advocate for neutrality. However, in March 1959, the U.S. shifted its position from neutrality to engagement concerning the repatriation of Koreans in Japan to North Korea. The U.S. thought the repatriation of Koreans in Japan to North Korea would have a direct impact on the repatriation of the Vietnamese and Thai. In particular, the U.S. worried about the Geneva negotiations in April between the North Korean Red Cross and the Japan Red Cross. The above findings confirm that the U.S. was not a bystander of the repatriation of Koreans in Japan to North Korea in early 1959 and that the U.S. carried out engagement in the repatriation of Koreans in Japan to North Korea gradually.

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