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Exiled Intellectual to Dong Bei District in Early Qing Dynasty: Focused on Han Ke and Poetry

  • The Journal of Chinese Cultural Studies
  • 2020, (47), pp.113-144
  • DOI : 10.18212/cccs.2020..47.005
  • Publisher : The Society For Chinese Cultural Studies
  • Research Area : Humanities > Chinese Language and Literature > Chinese Literature > Chinese Culture
  • Received : January 15, 2020
  • Accepted : February 13, 2020
  • Published : February 28, 2020

YoungSoon Park 1

1국민대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The first one banished, with literary persecution, to Shenyang(瀋陽) in Dong Bei district in early Qing Dynasty was Han Ke(函可: 1611-1660), a monk. In the time of Nan Ming(南明), he was banished to Shenyang In Shun Zhi (順治) 5th year (year 1648) with the trouble that he had written an unauthorized history, 『Zai Bian Ji(再變紀)』, which has become the first literary persecution happened in early Qing Dynasty. As an adherent of Ming Dynasty and an exile in early Qing Dynasty, Han Ke organized Bing Tian Shi She(氷天詩社) in Shenyang together with other exiles. In general, if you viewed a literary work as ‘knowledge’ produced by literature, this knowledge (such as Tian Shan Shi Ji) should be produced the producers (exiles) by a practice (poetic creation) in a particular case (literary persecution). From the point of view of this, this paper would like to take a loot into the knowledge production process of ‘knowledge-producer-practice-knowledge’ to understand the poets’ club of exiles, and its meaning, periodical and regional. The ultimate end of this paper is to come to understand what knowledge (works) was produced by the exiles (intellectuals) in the conception of ‘knowledge production (exile poetry) by exile literary persons group (Poets’ Club)’ in what a situation, and to grasp its meaning. For that purpose, this paper would take Han Ke as an example, to take a look into the life and poetry creation of the literary persons banished to Dong Bei district. 『Qian Shan Shi Ji(千山詩集)』, where the poems written by Han Ke are collected, is selected as the principal content for this study. The content is divided into three parts. First, the situation of banishment in the Qing Dynasty and the reasons for which Han Ke was banished would be examined. Second, analysing the poems written by Han Ke. Third, the influences of Han Ke to the literature of Dong Bei district and its evaluation be checked.  In addition, this paper would also take note on literary practices of the exiles, their poetic creation and feelings and others.

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This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.
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