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A Theological Evaluation of ‘Suicide’ in the Old Testament with a Diachronic Consideration

  • The Korean Journal of Chiristian Social Ethics
  • Abbr : 기사윤
  • 2026, (65), pp.385~427
  • Publisher : The Society Of Korean Christian Social Ethics
  • Research Area : Humanities > Christian Theology
  • Received : July 15, 2026
  • Accepted : August 4, 2026
  • Published : August 31, 2026

Lee Keung Jae 1

1목원대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study reexamines the traditional perception of the Korean church, which has condemned “suicide” within a doctrinal framework, from the perspective of Old Testament studies, against the backdrop of Korean society, characterized by a rapidly rising suicide rate. To this end, the study conducts a diachronic examination ranging from ancient Near Eastern cultures to Greek philosophy, Judaism, and early Christianity, as well as Émile Durkheim’s sociological perspective, and analyzes six cases of suicide in the Old Testament through exegetical work. Through this analysis, it was confirmed that the Old Testament objectively narrates incidents of suicide without using a specific term to refer to it, treating it not as a mere moral failure but as a “social death” resulting from a loss of identity and as a “meaningful event.” In particular, the fact that most of those who ended their lives by suicide were still laid to rest “with their ancestors” as members of their kinship community confirms that their suicides were not viewed negatively. Ultimately, the modern church’s condemnation of suicide is likely a product of church history established after Augustine.

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