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A Unique Joseon Family System Appeared in the Punishment of Danjong Restoration Incident

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2010, (98), pp.139-167
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Lee Soon Gu 1

1국사편찬위원회

Accredited

ABSTRACT

When punishing the conspirators of Danjong restoration incident, Joseon court extended the penalty to include the leaders' sons-in-law. The action was not stated in Daemyeongnyul, the Great Ming Code. Joseon court practiced a law outside the Great Code. Why did Joseon make the special arrangement?For a long time, people of Joseon practiced Namguiyeogahon. A newly-wed couple lived with the wife's family for a certain period of time. Such practice gave sons-in-law and their fathers an opportunity to develop close relationship. The relationship between grandfathers and their maternal grandsons was also very intimate. Sons-in-law often benefitted from powerful fathers-in-law, but they were also associated with the fathers' crimes. The grandchildren of Seong Sam-Moon, the leader of Danjong restoration incident, were disadvantaged because of their maternal grandfather's crime. The first grandchild, Park Jeng, gave up on civil service examination and spent his whole life in the countryside. His younger brother Park Ho served in the court, but as a traitor's grandson, he met many difficulties throughout his career. And yet, the Park family of Muahn did not stay in the disadvantaged position forever. In the late Joseon, with the re-evaluation of Danjong restoration incident, Park family suddenly started to benefit from what their maternal ancestor had done. They received official posts and charters from the king. Thus, the Park family experienced both the privilege and disgrace, depending on the political situation of the time. The interesting fact is that all these impacts on the Park family, good or bad, were caused by their maternal ancestor Seong Sam-Moon. Such outcome was possible only because the fathers and sons-in-law, grandfathers and maternal grandchildren formed a close relationship in Joseon. It seems that Joseon people thought the mutual assistance between two families linked by marriage as a convenient system. In this way, Joseon enjoyed a family relationship different from that of China. Danjong restoration incident clearly shows the unique family system of Joseon.

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