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The exchange aspects and meanings of King Gyeongdeok and monk

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2013, (112), pp.41-78
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

전보영 1

1숙명여자대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The investigation is conducted about changes in the nation along with the philosophical transitions and it’s meaning through the historical cases of several monks who had relationship with King Gyeongdeok directly or indirectly. Therefore, the objective of this study is to consider the aspects of changes occurred in that era and it’s meaning through the examination about the relationship between King Gyeongdeok and the monks in particular concerning temporal context, goals of the relationship. It is distinctive aspect that King Gyeongdeok had much more relationships with the monks than other Kings and had diversity of objectives for which the cases had aimed. It is noted that the number of exchanges between the King and monks had significant increasing from the 13 years of King Gyeongdeok as well as the increasing number of disasters, replacements of government positions, and constructions of new temples also. In particular, it is interesting that the change of the society had coincidence with that of the aspects of relationship and way to solve social problems as the reign went toward the second half of the period. Because it shows that the aspects of the relationship between King Gyeongdeok and the monks represent the correlation between the political and the philosophical matters. First of all, an appointment of Jinpyo, Daehyeon, and Beobhae in the first period of the reign had difference with the appointment of high priest in the middle period of the Shilla dynasty. It is postulated that the King might have a purpose to participate in the new period and also intended the increasing of influences to the nation. While the changes, however, an official and ritualistic royal Buddhist events, such as Jae(齊) or teaching(講說) were maintained as before. On the other hand, several different aspects are observed in the way the relationship formed after the 13 years of the reign. To Pyohun, the King required a special occasions which had some miraculous phenomenon to settle the problem of son of the King, and to Wonpyo, who had received a Bodhisattva faith cheongwan from the Taoist holy land gave a official generosity. Furthermore, there was resolution that the King had met Wolmyong and Chungdam and requested them to compose Hyangga to solve the social problems. These phenomena seemed to be caused by the combination with social and political circumstances which had become worse and the widespread of Buddhism as the reign of King Gyeongdeok went to the late half. That is, the King Gyeongdeok who seemed to feel the limits of the resolutions used before had aimed to achieve influences and power to control and stabilize the nation using Buddhism with another ways to guide people through the monks who could afford to execute the missions in the context of gradually changing society.

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