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A Study on Hong Jung-sam’s View on Magistrate seen in Hyangyaktongbyeon(鄕約通變) and Its Succession

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2013, (112), pp.237-280
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Jong Soo Han 1

1국외소재문화재재단

Accredited

ABSTRACT

17th century was the time when nation reconstructing theories(國家再造論) of Confucians were the rise to overcome the reality of the local society(鄕村社會), and these efforts later turned into the state’s strengthening of the system of local rule through the means of the system of myeonri(面里制) and distribution of five household system(五家統事目). This meant bringing of the transition of the axis of power in a country village community to in the center of magistrate caused by the weakening of local literati(在地士族) who were active member of 鄕約(village code) and appearance of Juhyeon Hyangyak(州縣鄕約). In this sense, it is true that Hong, Jungsam’s Juhyeon Hyangyak(州縣鄕約) takes Yulgok’s, who is regarded as leader of Juhyeon Hyangyak(州縣鄕約), Seowon Hyangyak(西原鄕約) as its foundation, but it has the trait of including contents related to magistrate’s seven duties(守令七事) that reflects on transition of ruling order in a country village community. At the end of Juhyeon Hyangyak(州縣鄕約), it suggests seven details of magistrate’s seven duties(守令七事) like land service tax(田政)․forced labor(制賦)․military service tax(軍政)․state granary system(糶糴)․relief system(賑恤)․lawsuits system(決訟)․agriculture of mulberry tree(種桑) that is necessary for magistrates to rule the country side. Especially, it’s because traits of book of governing the people(牧民書) are shown in that it directly witnesses people’ suffering in a country village community and suggests solutions, or a example one by one as magistrates. These kinds of contents are shown in seven details by chapters of agriculture of mulberry tree(農桑)․military service tax(軍政)․forced labor(賦役)․land service tax(田政)․state granary system(糶糴)․relief system(賑恤)․civil lawsuits(詞訟) mentioned in Imgwan jeongyo(臨官政要), which was written by silhak scholar, Sunam An, Jeongbok(1712~1791), as it is.

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