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A Study on the Installation Process of Yisacheong(理事廳)(1905～1907)

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2014, (116), pp.287-338
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

한지헌 1

1숙명여자대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

In an attempt to formalize the establishment of Korea’s custody, Japan concluded the second Japan-Korea Agreement(Protectorate Treaty between Korea and Japan concluded in 1905) in November, 1905. Article 3 of the Agreement stipulated the location of Yisacheong and the authority of Yisagwan(the prosecutor) as a ruling body deployed in Korea along with the Residency-General. It meant that Japan would deploy a Yisagwan at the Korean ports that opened and the places deemed to need one by the Japanese government and that a Yisagwan would under the supervision of Resident-General execute the whole authority of Japanese Consul in Korea and manage all the affairs needed to fully implement the provisions of the Agreement. This study set out to investigate how the ruling Japanese implemented Article 3 of the second Japan-Korea Agreement and established a basis for their policies in the process of installing Yisacheong in Korea. As Japan was turning Korea into its protectorate, it established the conception of its ruling bodies in Korea. It prescribed Yisacheong as the agencies in charge of diplomacy and administration in local areas of Korea along with Resident-General in the second Japan-Korea Agreement. It then promulgated Imperial Order No. 240 on the installation of Residency-General and Yisacheong, thus declaring and implementing its actions on Korea internally and externally and confirming its political scheme. Imperial Order No. 240 is significant in that it was merely a temporary “revised law” and notified the beginning of operation of Residency-General and Yisacheong. Japan confirmed the official authority of Yisacheong by enacting control regulations. By comparing and reviewing three different control plans, the present study found that Yisagwan gradually evolved into an administrative agency to rule the protectorate in addition to simple diplomatic business. Once the control regulations were established, the location and jurisdiction of Yisacheong were determined. The Yisacheong, which was originally established with the Japanese consul, was extended to cover all korea during the imperial japan. Later Yisacheongs were established more in areas where there was a need for protection and crackdown of Japanese people in Korea and for resolution of frequent problems with foreign nations due to the absence of right administrative agency. The branch offices of Yisacheong were set up to improve administration in local areas of Korea, and Buyisagwans(the assistant prosecutors) of the branch offices were deployed to the sites of provincial offices to direct and supervise the Korean authorities in the concerned areas. Gamriseo, the local diplomatic office of Korea, faced a crisis with the execution of its authority as Korea lost its diplomatic rights. Yisacheong took over Gamriseo’s job of controlling foreigners. The documents and books of Gamriseo was first transferred to Yisacheong, which later obtained control over the issue of house and land registry certificate to foreigners, local area auction, and the issue of Hojo, a foreigner’s pass, which Gamriseo used to take care of. Those processes proceeded in conflicts and confusion among Yisacheong, Gamriseo and Uijeongbu.

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