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Negotiation of POWs during the Korean War and the Chinese Communists POWs’ Choice

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2016, (123), pp.177-210
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Boyoung Kim 1

1한양대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

During POW(Prisoners of war) negotiations of the Korean War, the biggest issue was concerning the Chinese military prisoners. China made an issue of the fact that the rate of refusal of repatriation is excessively higher among the Chinese POW than the North Korea’s. It’s not well known that China took a strong stand with regard to the issue of POW, which led to a rupture of POW(Prisoners Of War) negotiation and even more than one year extension of the war. The US approached the problem of screening and selection the Chinese military prisoners as a part of psychological warfare. The repatriation choice of Chinese POW was influenced by an education by the United Nations forces, and Taiwanese agent in charge of the prisoner education actively induced them to go to Taiwan. However, the decisive factor affected prisoners’ choice was right-wing leaders of the former Kuomintang army who took over the prison camp, and the leaders often compelled POW’s choice with violence. There was violent coercion behind the reason why the vast majority of Chinese POW refused to be repatriated. The intention of China was also a kind of psychological warfare in nature. In the drawn battle, the choice of POW was closely combined with the intention of both parties to obtain compensation, and the POW fell into the sacrifice of ideological battle with the violent pressure. Moreover, the fact that the negotiation was delayed for over a year on account of the Chinese POW shows China was the subject of the Communist side with regard to the negotiation and the war. It’s connected to an armistice system for the postwar period, and also We can understand the authority of China and the US which took lead the war and the armistice negotiations.

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* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.