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Conception and Effects of the Theory of Bunguk(分國說) of Samhan and the Three Kingdoms of Korea

Kaya Wee 1

1성균관대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This article reviewed the theory of Bunguk(分國, a kind of colony) of Samhan and the three kingdoms of Korea that Kim Seokhyeong of North Korea first raised in 1963. The main points are as follows: the reason of conceiving the theory, the academic background of his conception of the theory, the academic methodology used to conceive the theory, and the effect of his theory on the Korean academia. The above can be summarized as follows. The theory of Bunguk was the result of the collective discussion of North Korean academia, not the result produced by Kim Seokhyeong alone. In addition, it is confirmed through Kim Seokhyeong’s writings that Kim Il-sung's teaching influenced the conception of the theory. He tried to grasp the historical facts based on the “universal regularity(一般的 合法則性, allgemeine Gesetzmäßigkeit)”, and tried to apply it to the research on the history of Korea-Japan relations using archaeological data. It was a general trend in North Korean academia. However, it is possible to criticize the expediency of the application of “universal regularity”. It can be the circumstantial evidence that the case of North Korean academia’s criticism of the diffusionism of Gojoseon cultural system. In Korea, the theory of Bunguk was positively accepted in terms of overcoming colonial history. It was even described in the textbook. However, the theory is not significantly handled at present, because it lost the academic vitality due to the empirical problem. However, pseudo-history academia is actively using this theory as an important basis for the decrial of the history academia. This causes concern for researchers who are examining the current meaning of this theory.

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