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“I claim the right to work”: The Discussion on Discrimination against Women’s Employment and Women’s Action in the first half of the 1980s

Jang, MiHyun 1

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ABSTRACT

The 1980s was a time when various discourses on women’s employment were formed. In contrast to the discourse on the development of women’s occupations in the 1970s, it was criticized in the 1980s that the development of women’s occupations, which prevented women from entering various occupations and caused job discrimination that only allowed employment in certain occupations. Discourses on the abolition of employment discrimination, such as criticism of double burden theory used by companies as a basis for discrimination against employment and the re-evaluation of the value of housework evoked by double burden theory, have spread. In addition, through the 1980s, a movement was pursued that required legal action to improve employment discrimination and the introduction of laws and systems that prohibit employment discrimination altogether. Discourse and practice effectively contributed to the elimination of discrimination in employment. Discourses on abolition of employment discrimination in the 1980s had several characteristics. First, compared to the 1970s, it was established as a social recognition that discrimination against female employment should be abolished. Second, existing women’s movement groups and newly emerged progressive women’s groups cooperated at least in the practice of abolishing employment discrimination. Third, this discourse against female employment discrimination has spread through the practice of female individuals such as Kim Young-hee and Kyung-sook Lee, as well as women’s movement organizations. As a result of analyzing specific cases of employment discrimination practices both inside and outside the labor market and women’s practice to abolish them, the social recognition that employment discrimination practice under the name of rational discrimination was gender discrimination in workplace has been established. Discrimination in employment is also a historical component. After all, employment discrimination was also a historical component.

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* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.
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