2015, Vol.37, No.

인문논총 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.42

pISSN : 2005-6222 / eISSN : 2713-7511
https://journal.kci.go.kr/ifhs

Neo Confucianism during the Joseon Dynasty period served as the rationale or cause behind various social organizations and autonomous norms. In particular, Hyang'yak(Village Compact) that was practiced on the basis of Ilhyang under the leadership of provincial noble families and local government officials most clearly reveal the cause for autonomy. Ilhyang based Hyang'yak that was practiced in Miryang-Dohobu, Gyeongsangdo during the Joseon Dynasty period can be understood within this frame and can be largely classified into three stages. The first stage is the late 15th century where Jong-jik Kim, the head of Sarim Party, was engaging in various activities. He was directly and indirectly involved in village enlightenment projects such as restoration of Yuhangso and implementation of Hyangsarye and Hyangeumjurye(Confucian ceremonies and banquets) in Milyang. The second stage is around 17th century and an iconic Hyang'yak called Muja Hyang'yak was established in 1648. It is noticeable that this Hyang'yak contains stipulations regarding the extended coverage of governance that includes Hyangsadang (shrine) and Myeonri ogranizations. The third stage is 18th and 19th century when autonomic aspects of Hyang'yak were weakened. In response, provincial noble families of Milyang in the 18th century established Hyang'yak that granted Hyang'yak organizations the authority over human resources over Confucian school personnel and public officials in a bid to restore village governance order oriented toward noble families. Enactment of Hyang'yak in 19th century was led by local government officials who seemed to use it as a means of governance rather than of autonomy

Today, college students promote self development without recognizing the importance of community. They are experiencing the destructiveness of personality. A fiction that draws the conflictual relationship with the basic aims of community life can be a tool used in raising students awareness on the importance of community life and seeking a community to have experiences with a true life. First, the fiction shows an organic community life seeking a holistic life. The organic community refers to a space with the totality of life. This space shows a fateful connection between myself and other. Second, the fiction shows the communication community of hetero geneous existences. Communication enables individual to recognize the difference between you and myself not together and seeks a confidentiality by a word, and , ultimately creating community among the different existences spontaneously. Third, the fiction shows being together by sharing the existence, which is the ultimate goal of community. Being together considers human finitude, death as a principle of community; however, death makes impossible unity of unshared people feasible. Students who read the fiction will create the above mentioned sympathy and realize the importance of community life.

This paper examines the biodiversity crisis and presents Slow Food actions against the crisis. The principal reasons why we have to focus on Slow Food actions against the crisis are as follows: first, Slow Food pays much attention to sustainability and diversity; second, Slow Food runs the Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity; third, Slow Food handles the crisis more systematically than any other international NGOs. This paper, in particular, investigates the actual conditions and causes of the worldwide reduction of biodiversity, and then discusses such negative effects of the reduction as the decline in food security and local seed source. In addition, this paper addresses a variety of actions currently conducted by Slow Food to keep biodiversity, including Ark of Taste, Presidia, Earth Market, African Garden and Slow Fish. In conclusion, this paper provides some remarks on the significance and limitation of the actions taken by Slow Food.