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Catherine II's foreign policy: the annexation of Crimea

  • 인문논총
  • 2025, 66(), pp.125-146
  • Publisher : Institute for Human studies, Kyungnam University
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : December 27, 2024
  • Accepted : February 11, 2025
  • Published : February 28, 2025

DOO-YOUNG OH 1

1충남대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Among the diplomatic tasks that Catherine II faced after ascending the throne, the conflict with the Ottoman Empire over the Crimea was very urgent and important with the Polish issue. This task led to two Russo-Turkish wars, and Russia's annexation of Crimea was completed in 1792 with the so-called ‘Treaty of Jassy’. Russia's annexation of Crimea has been evaluated as it was based on an imperialist policy of territorial expansion, and was completed by the military victories of Catherine II's capable generals such as Potemkin, Rumantsev, and Suvorov. However, Russia's annexation of Crimea was carried out by the leading role of Catherine II, and in particular, the Empress' active diplomatic activities with European powers played a key role in promoting Russia's national interests. Catherine II did not pursue the territorial annexation of Crimea as a priority, and rather tried to avoid military conflict with the Ottoman Empire. However, as it came to the conclusion that there was no ultimate solution other than military occupation, Catherine II put it into practice without hesitation. And after the annexation of Crimea, the actual annexation process was quickly completed by the ‘Russianization’ policy.

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