2008, Vol.1, No.20

Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.39

pISSN : 1598-4230 / eISSN : 2586-7601
https://journal.kci.go.kr/ihss

This paper examine the educational learning system of the North Korean women into figuring out that they have taken the double burden under the discriminatory social structure for granted and the cause of it. In North Korea, in which the ideology have been taken priority over all, a learning of thought education have been regarded as a means of socialization have made the North Korean members of the society, passive being who have to obey the dictation without condition. The educational learning system of the North Korean women aims to make a woman who successfully carry out multiple roles which the system of North Korea encourages or needs. In this respect, the main contents of educational learning system of the North Korean women is loyalty to the leader, socialistic morality, revolutionary optimism, women's traditional role, a class struggle, etc. As a result, the North Korean women have accepted their conditions without awareness having a double burden with social mobilization and coerced labor under the sexually repressive and discriminative social environment. Also this conformable mentality of North Korean women t is demonstrated that there was no shift in their awareness such as critical awareness and comprehensive denial over patriarchism while women's status and role were changing after the economic crisis.

Although Korean firms have been highly successful in overseas manufacturing, it was reported that some of them had divested foreign manufacturing subsidiaries partially or completely. This study investigates several important factors that are believed to have influenced the decision makings of Korean firms to divest their manufacturing facilities in the foreign market during the period of 1986-2004. As expected, international manufacturing experiences of parent firms and economic growth rates of host countries tend to reduce the probability of divestment. The international experiences of parents are considered to reduce the exit rates of subsidiaries by facilitating the transfer of core competence between parents and subsidiaries. The economic growth of host countries seems to be particularly influential in the cases of complete divestment and technologically intensive manufacturing. This implies the importance of considering the general economic environment of host markets to divest subsidiaries. Nevertheless, some empirical findings are against our expectation. Chaebol-affiliated firms are found to divest their subsidiaries more frequently than their counterparts. In particular, chaebol-affiliated firms with international experiences are more likely to transfer financial resources between subsidiaries and/or rearrange the locations of subsidiaries to pursue their strategies on a global basis. As this study suggests empirical findings that are partially different from previous ones, it will be necessary to undertake further research by using more extensive data in the future.

The purpose of this study is to reveal the heterogeneity and diversity of marriage migrant women by showing the difference in their Korean migration process, motives of getting married to Korean men, adjustment of life in Korea, etc in term of their country of origin. The trend of international marriage since 1990 and the regional distribution of marriage migrants were reviewed. The survey data of 810 marriage migrant women in Gyeonggi province was analyzed. The Japanese and Chinese women are the first marriage migrants who have immigrated to Korea since the early 1990, followed by Filipina, Thai, Mongolian, Vietnamese, and Cambodian women in order, who began to come to Korea since 2000. The 60 percent of marriage migrant women are from China and the 70 percent of them are living in urban areas. The marriage pattern of Japanese women and Korean men is similar to that of Korean couples. On the other hand, Korean-chinese brides tend to be older than other groups and their marriage to Korean men is more likely to be remarriage. Vietnamese brides showed the largest age gap with their Korean husbands. The marital satisfaction is the highest among Chinese wives and the lowest among Japanese and Filipina wives. However, Japanese wives tend to keep the best relationship with Korean friends and neighbors. The migrant women from Vietnam, Philippines, and China (Han-chinese) have suffered most due to language, whereas Japanese ones due to child education and economic hardship.