2015, Vol.22, No.3

Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.61

pISSN : 1225-8539 / eISSN : 2671-5171
https://journal.kci.go.kr/japs

This study examines various terms referring to Overseas Koreans and the processes in which overseas Koreans have participated in their country of origin by analysing related presidential records in the Presidential Archives. It first looks at which terms have been used and how they have been used by the presidents to examine the historical relations between the South Korea nation state and Overseas Koreans. It then traces how Overseas Koreans have participated in their home country since the establishment of its first government in 1948 and how the Korea nation state has dealt with these transnational activities to examine the ways in which the South Korea nation state and Overseas Koreans have constructed each other. This study is expected to contribute to improved understanding of changing national identity in South Korea amid the influx of international migrants into the country including returning Overseas Koreans.

FTAs are established between negotiating parties to realize economies of scale and maximize the benefits of mutually complementary trade structures through the liberalization of trade and investment. Therefore, allowing non-parties to enjoy the benefits of preferential trade liberalization through the introduction of outward processing rules may be considered as being contrary to the purpose of FTAs. Notwithstanding, outward processing rules have been incorporated in most FTAs, including FTAs established by Singapore and EFTA, and in the case of Korea, all FTAs contain rules on outward processing since the Korea-Singapore FTA. Against this background, this study analyzes the utilization of outward processing rules, especially pertaining to the Gaeseong Industrial Complex (GIC) which, at present, is the only outward processing zone (OPZ) established on the Korean peninsula, and concludes that the utilization rate of the outward processing rules in FTAs is currently 0 percent. The foremost reason lies in the lack of competency of the companies operating in GIC for exporting their products beyond South Korea. Secondly, the products that are allowed under outward processing rules and the products that are manufactured by the companies in GIC do not match, and furthermore, the products manufactured in GIC lack competitiveness in terms of quality of product. Thirdly, the complex outward processing rules also hinder its utilization by companies, and lastly, the current form of outward processing rules that delegate rule-making to the Joint OPZ Committee make the rules vulnerable to the security situation on the Korean peninsula. Based on this analysis, this paper suggests the following for improving the utilization of outward processing rules in the recently signed Korea-China FTA: First, there is need for supportive measures by the government for increasing the utilization of FTA outward processing rules in the GIC; and secondly, further discussions are needed to identify ways to lower logistics costs for promoting global value chains, especially for the outward processing zones that will be established along the borders of China and North Korea.

This article aims to analyze the process of establishment of Nanyo Takusyoku Corporation(NTC). NTC was the Japanese state company for colonial development in Nanyo(南洋群島). Nanyo has been different feature from the other colonies in Empire Japan. Most of all, that was the mandate of the League of Nations. This is important point at comprehending the character of the Japanese rule in Nanyo. Because the establishment of NTC was possible just after Japan’s withdrawal from the League of Nations in 1933. This development plan for Nanyo was directly stimulated by founding of the Manchukuo and construction of Japan-Manchu bloc economy.