Ukraine Crisis and Changes in Denmark’s Defense Strategy: Focusing on the 2022 Danish European Union Opt-Out Referendum (우크라이나 위기와 덴마크의 방위전략 변화: 2022년 유럽연합 방위 옵트아웃 폐지 국민투표를 중심으로)

Chang-Rhyong OH (오창룡)

Ukraine Crisis and Changes in Denmark’s Defense Strategy: Focusing on the 2022 Danish European Union Opt-Out Referendum

Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea
Abbr : JSSK
2022, (29), pp.117-144
Publisher : The Scandinavian Society of Korea
Research Area : Social Science > Area Studies > North Europe(Scandinavian)
Received : June 13, 2022
Accepted : July 5, 2022
Published : June 30, 2022

Chang-Rhyong OH ¹

¹국회입법조사처

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study examines the context of the Danish referendum in 2022 and analyzes the implications of the abolition of the European Union (EU) defense opt-out on Denmark’s security and defense policy. Denmark is the only Nordic country to join both the EU and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); however, it has an opt-out from the field of defense cooperation as it has obtained the right not to cooperate with the EU in the areas of common defense, European currency, European citizenship, and judicial and internal affairs. The Danish government has attempted to abolish opt-outs to work more effectively with the EU, but these efforts have not been successful due to public opposition. On the other hand, the ongoing war in Ukraine has resulted in increased public support for initiating defense cooperation with the EU. Based on the results of the referendum, Denmark will be able to return to the Common Defense and Security Policy (CSDP) and participate in the increasing defense cooperation between NATO and the EU.

KEYWORDS

Ukraine Crisis, Defense Opt-Out, Edinburgh Agreement, Common Defense and Security Policy, Danish Referendum in 2022

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

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This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.

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