2012, Vol.19, No.4

Korea Social Policy Review 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 2.47

pISSN : 1226-0525
https://journal.kci.go.kr/kasp

This study reviews comparatively the national qualification frameworks(NQFs) of Germany, France, England and Australia and suggests policy implications for Korea as follows. First, NQF of Korea should be introduced as a part of integrative skills strategies. Second, the public support to establish the participative governance of qualification frameworks should be strengthened. Third, it is a realistic measure to introduce a bridging framework of NQF where NQF takes the coordination and integrating roles. Fourth, unit-based approach as of organizing framework may increase the bureaucratic burdens, it is desirable to be based on full-qualification principle and enhance flexibility through adjusting qualification requisites, using modules and partial qualification of industrial sectors like France, Fifth, it is normal international practice for the management of the NQF to be assigned to an apex body. Sixth, we need to consider institutional complementarity to design the NQF of Korea. Finally, in the state-led system of Korea the strategic choice of government will be the cornerstone to break through the institutional difficulties.

Contrary to the Liberal Welfare Regime model that has emphasized the market-oriented system, this paper explores the Swedish model that has simultaneously grown and pursued welfare by forming a well-balanced triangular structure amongst economy, finance and social security. The Swedish model, with its generous welfare state benefits and high taxation, has succeeded in attaining sustainable economic growth compared with other OECD countries. Impressively, high taxation has not impeded its economic performance. In order to analyse the characteristics of the model in more depth, this paper divides them into two perspectives: economic and social security. Whilst the economic perspective focuses on active labour market policy and fiscal policy, the social security perspective focuses on the principle of beneficiaries and tax payers, with higher participation of women in labour markets and pension systems. This paper emphasizes the fact that the model has stressed the importance on complementing the balance between generous social state benefits and high economic efficiency.

This study classified the factors of family disorganization of elderly people live alone in diverse aspects except the economic aspect. 29 statements selected through 8 times of recategorization process were distributed to 29 elderly people live alone and Q-sort was performed. Four types were deducted through the analysis by Q methodologies. Type 1 is independent type which is resulting from loss of identity and sense of helplessness. Type 2 is disorganization type because of weakening of individualism and social cohesion. Type 3 is disorganization type because of lack of family resources. Type 4 is called as independent disorganization type according to the health conditions. Implications of this study shows, First, development of policies and services for independent elderly people live alone who want to live alone is required. Second, existing old people care services should be much more intensified and intensive related services should be developed. Third, introduction of the concept of elderly people live alone multiple communities and consequent establishment of professional protection institution like elderly people live alone exclusive center are required.Fourth, for elderly people live alone who suffer from family isorganization, it is necessary to find the solutions through social relationship networks because they have problems of psychosocial problems that they are isolated from their families.