This study aims to identify the determinants of income and social insurance precariousness of young self-employed workers in accordance with the precariousness of self-employment. The analysis data was based on the Korean Labor & Income Panel Survey (KLIPS) from the 16th to the 20th, and the young self-employed workers in the study were between 19 and 39 at the time of the surveys were conducted, with a total of 512 respondents. In the research design, the dependent variables are income and social insurance precariousness. The independent variables are business characteristics (industry, business size, business registration, business region, one's own business establishment, business duration period), capital characteristics (real estate assets, financial assets, total liabilities), and personal characteristics (sex, age, education). Frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, binomial logistic regression, and multinomial logistic regression were used as research methods. The main findings of the study are as follows. First, an analysis of the factors influencing income precariousness of young self-employed workers showed that when they were in education sector rather than restaurant, accommodation, culture and leisure sector, as the size of the business increases, the more financial assets increase, and when they were men, it is less likely to experience the income precariousness. Next, the analysis of the factors influencing social insurance precariousness found that industry, business size, business registration, business region among the business characteristics, financial assets among capital characteristics, gender and education among personal characteristics were significant factors that determined the level of social insurance precariousness for young self-employed workers. Finally, based on these analysis results, this study proposed social policy implications to cope with income and social insurance precariousness of young self-employed workers.