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Group Topic-Based MQTT Subscription for Large-Scale Internet of Things

  • Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
  • Abbr : JKIOTS
  • 2025, 11(6), pp.117~122
  • DOI : 10.20465/KIOTS.2025.11.6.109
  • Publisher : The Korea Internet of Things Society
  • Research Area : Engineering > Computer Science > Internet Information Processing
  • Received : November 5, 2025
  • Accepted : December 10, 2025
  • Published : December 31, 2025

Yun-Chan Seo 1,  Jung-Hyok Kwon 2,  Eui-Jik Kim 2

1한림대학교 소프트웨어학부
2한림대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a group topic-based Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) subscription to improve the efficiency of multi-topic subscriptions in large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) environments, where numerous sensors generate diverse topic data. Conventional MQTT requires the broker to independently manage a large number of individual topic subscriptions and include all filter strings in subscription requests, leading to increased message size and broker processing load. To address these problems, the proposed scheme introduces a Group Topic Generator (GTG) module within the broker. The GTG consolidates multiple requested topics into a single logical group topic and manages the associated mapping information. As a result, the subscribers request multi-topic subscriptions using only a single group topic instead of multiple individual topic lists. Meanwhile, the broker simplifies subscription management through group-based session handling. Performance evaluation demonstrated that the proposed scheme significantly reduces subscription delay and broker memory usage compared to conventional MQTT.

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This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.
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