Implementation of Beamforming Butler Matrix(4×4) Based on Planar Structure for LTE Mobile Communications (평면구조 기반의 LTE 이동통신용 빔성형 버틀러 매트릭스(4×4) 구현)

Dong Hak Lee (이동학); Doo-Yeong Yang (양두영)

doi:10.34163/jkits.2017.12.4.004

Implementation of Beamforming Butler Matrix(4×4) Based on Planar Structure for LTE Mobile Communications

Journal of Knowledge Information Technology and Systems
Abbr : JKITS
2017, 12(4), pp.501-511
DOI : 10.34163/jkits.2017.12.4.004
Publisher : Korea Knowledge Information Technology Society
Research Area : Interdisciplinary Studies > Interdisciplinary Research
Published : August 31, 2017

Dong Hak Lee ¹, Doo-Yeong Yang ²

¹(주)이너트론 R&D 연구소
²제주대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

In order to design a beamforming Butler matrix operating in the LTE band of 2.5-2.68GHz, the Butler matrix with a broadband structure was designed by constructing a hybrid coupler and crossover, which are components of Butler matrix, with a multistage branch line structure. The structure and components of the Butler matrix consist of four 3dB hybrid couplers, two crossovers, two -45˚ phase shifters and two equiphase controllers. Among these components, the 3dB hybrid coupler and crossover are designed to have broadband characteristics with a branch line structure in the microstrip substrate. The -45˚ phase shifter and equiphase controller adjust the length of the line to obtain the proper phase, respectively. The designed Butler matrix showed good return loss characteristics of 23.9-34.18dB and relatively small phase error of 5.41˚ in the operating band. And also, when the output signal of the Butler matrix was applied to the microstrip patch array antenna, the effect of the signal amplitude and phase error on beamforming pattern and beam steering direction were studied. As a result, when the Butler matrix has a phase error of about 5.41˚, the direction of the formed beam pattern does not largely change by an error of 1˚, and the beam can be properly steered in a desired direction.

KEYWORDS

Beamforming butler matrix, Hybrid coupler, Crossover, Phase shifter, Equiphase controller, Multistage branch line structure, Broadband characteristics, Microstrip, Beam steering

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

[journal] W. Rotman / 1963 / Wide-angle microwave lens for line source applications / IEEE Transactions on Antenna Propagation AP-11 : 623~632

[journal] J. Butler / 1961 / Beamforming matrix simplifies design of electrically scanned antennas / Electronics Design 9 : 170~173

[confproc] M. M. Alam / 2009 / Microstrip antenna array with four port butler matrix for switched beam based station application / Proceeding of 12 th International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT 2009) : 531~536

[confproc] H. Nachouane / 2014 / Broadband 4×4 butler matrix using wideband 90° hybrid couplers and crossovers for beamforming networks / Proc. 2014 Int. Conf. Multimedia Computing and Systems (ICMCS) : 1444~1448

[confproc] A. Alaqeel / 2015 / Broadband 4×4 butler matrix for K- and Ka-bands / Proc. 2015 IEEE Int. Symp. Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI Nat. Radio Science Meeting : 230~231

[journal] S. Karamzadeh / 2015 / Compact and broadband 4⨉4 SIW butler matrix with phase and magnitude error reduction / IEEE Microwave Wireless Components Letters 25(12) : 772~774

[confproc] Q. P. Chen / 2015 / Compact Butler matrix based on patch element for X band applications / 2015 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC) : 1~3

[confproc] A. Talbi / 2013 / A compact 4×4 butler matrix for UWB applications / Proc. 2013 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Int. Symposium(APSURSI) : 1010~1011

[confproc] S. Z. Ibrahim / 2009 / Wideband butler matrix in microstrip-slot technology / Proceeding 2009 Asia Pacific Microwave Conference : 2104~2107

[journal] M. Nedil / 2006 / Novel butler matrix using CPW multilayer technology / IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques 54(1) : 499~507

[confproc] M. Nedil / 2014 / Novel UWB CB-CPW but- ler matrix for wireless applications / Proceeding 2014 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium(APSURSI) : 1800~1801

[journal] C. J. Chen / 2010 / Design of a 60-GHz substrate integrated waveguide butler matrix—A systematic approach / IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Technology 58(7) : 1724~1733

[journal] A. A. M. Ali / 2011 / Design and implementation of two-layer compact wideband butler matrices in SIW technology for Ku-band applications / IEEE Transactions on Antennas Propagation 59(2) : 503~512

[journal] T. Djerafi / 2012 / A low-cost wideband 77-GHz planar butler matrix in SIW technology / IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 60(10) : 4949~4954

[confproc] D. H. Lee / 2016 / Design of beamforming butler switch for LTE MIMO(4×4) system / 2016 Convergence Contents Spring Conference (KOCON) 14(1) : 13~14

[confproc] D. H. Lee / 2016 / Analysis of beamforming effect by phase error of butler switch / 2016 Summer Conference (KIEES) 4(1)

KJCKorea
Journal Central

Journal of Knowledge Information Technology and Systems 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.89

Implementation of Beamforming Butler Matrix(4×4) Based on Planar Structure for LTE Mobile Communications

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

Journal of Knowledge Information Technology and Systems 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.89

Implementation of Beamforming Butler Matrix(4×4) Based on Planar Structure for LTE Mobile Communications

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Statistics

Tools

Issue List

Citation status

KCI Citation Counts (2)

REFERENCES (16) * References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

Search PDF

Citation

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.