2018, Vol., No.39

Korean Review of French History 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.67

pISSN : 1229-702X
https://journal.kci.go.kr/krfh

The way we remember 68 mouvement shows we tend to minimize the role of workers and the political meaning of the General Strike. As a result, we are giving too much prominence to May, Paris and Student movement. The role of the CGT which was in the vanguard in the spread of General Strike is underestimated, whereas we pay attention to the role of student revolts and new left. This tendency marginalize June, Provinces and Workes. It is necessary not only to grasp the political meaning of the General Strike as a starting point to understand “les années 68”, but also to consider the dynamics of 68 movement by analysing the moment of Protest diffusion.

This article analyzes the history of the Parti communiste marxiste-léninistes de France(PCMLF) and Union des jeunesses communistes(marxiste-léninistes) (UJC(ML)) who were the political organizations of the Maoists in France. In the 1960s, after the explosion of the Cultural Revolution, the sinophilia that seduces youth and intelligentsia accelerates brutally. China is the largest country in the third world. The desire to export the Chinese example, the Third World, anti-Sovietism and populism are the four foundations of Maoism. The Maoist movement in France is a phenomenon of synchronization between France and the third world. It is a question of going from the center to the periphery, that is to say to privilege the struggle towards the most undefined layers. For example OS, immigrants, women workers, peasants, small traders.

Just before the waves of May 68 are submerged, Raymond Aron, ‘committed spectator’ published La Révolution introuvable, his record of this protest movement. The book sparked fierce criticism of the generation of 68 and was criticized as a supporter of the Conservative regime. But, convinced of the necessity of reforming the university and the society, Raymond Aron criticized not only the far-left ideology of students but also the authoritarian government of Charles de Gaulle. He discovered in the breaking waves of the May Events the origin of democratic individualism, which is characterized by the desertion of politics and withdrawal into the private sphere. La Révolution introuvable might be read again not as an observation on political convulsions but as a reflection on the contemporary civilization of the individualistic and materialistic spirit.