2009, Vol.62, No.

The Korea Spatial Planning Review 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.2

pISSN : 1229-8638
https://journal.kci.go.kr/krihs

This research examines causality among population, total jobs and jobs-by-industry using metro cities and provinces data from 1996 to 2006 in Korea. Many people believe that population and jobs are in a mutual causal relation. Traditionally urban economic theories explain changes in spatial structure under the assumption that employment is a cause of population change. In regional economics there is a deep-rooted belief that the increase in production of an industry leads to the increase in other relating-industries' production and jobs. But these believes lack verified foundations. Estimating SUR equations, this research finds population increase is generally a cause of job increase, but not vice versa. In terms of jobs, inter-industry relations are weaker than expected. There are even cases that the increase in an industry's job leads to the decrease in other industries' job. Interestingly localization economy and large company are found important in creating jobs. Job creation by supporting small and medium enterprises and temporary employees will be more effective in a close network and cooperation with large companies.

In the case of Korea, due to the public nature of land and price stabilization policy, the public sector has been deeply involved in land distribution. Since the role of the public sector is limited in the public goods market, the private sector has to play a primary role as a supplier of land. However, according to a recent survey, the current land-supply policy is negatively affecting the private sector; Furthermore, it is discouraging the private sector to invest in land development and home construction. Therefore, the land-supply plan of the Korean government could not be accomplished without a major change on land-supply policy. In this context, this study has analyzed the current land-supply policy from the view point of private land developers; It was found that a reformation in the ‘Price ceiling system’ and ‘Donation policy’ could increase the investment in land development by private sectors, utilizing structural equation method(SEM). In order to increase reliability of research result, another statistical method, Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), was also utilized.

This study conducted multiple regression analyses for such health-level indicators as EQ-5D, EQ-VAS, experiences of chronic diseases in like and obesity in order to identify impacts of the amount of walking activities, which was done in the last week, on them. The analysis data were obtained from the nation-wide survey data for health and nutrition examination in 2005. To identify the pure impacts of walking, the study controled other explanatory variables in the analysis models, which are known as risk factors for health, including individual and household characteristics such as sex, age, occupation, marriage, smoking, stress, etc. The results indicate that walking activity in daily life itself has significantly positive impacts on individual health status as much as or even more than other physical activities such as high-and middle-intensity exercises. In addition, individual adults who a little more walked in the last week are more contributed to increasing their health status than people conducting much more extensive walking, as compared to adults with no walking. However, as the term of walking activity more increases, probability to be obese tends to more decrease. The analysis results imply that walking is very an important factor in the field of transport planning in influencing public health as well as relieving social costs resulting from inordinate dependence of automobile on travel.