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A Study on the Aspect of Meaning Extension of ‘苦(Bitter)’ Series Words

  • The Journal of Study on Language and Culture of Korea and China
  • Abbr : JSLCKC
  • 2024, (74), pp.65-92
  • DOI : 10.16874/jslckc.2024..74.003
  • Publisher : Korean Society of Study on Chinese Languge and Culture
  • Research Area : Humanities > Chinese Language and Literature
  • Received : October 10, 2024
  • Accepted : November 20, 2024
  • Published : November 30, 2024

CAI CHUN YU 1

1국민대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we examined the synesthetic expression aspect of ‘苦(Bitter)’ series words from the perspective of cognitive linguistics based on the theory of conceptual blending theory. We also analyzed corpus data to build a conceptual integrated network of ‘苦(Bitter)’ series words. In ‘苦 (Bitter)’ series words, the unpleasantness of bitter taste is more dominant, so tasting bad or unsatisfactoriness is expressed as bitter, and the meaning is extended to the areas of ‘touch, hearing, sight, and smell’ synesthetically. The words can express physical pain, displeasure, suffering, hardship, and earnestness experienced in a poor environment or difficult situation. The morpheme combined with ‘苦(Bitter)’ plays an important role in the process of meaning extension, and the grammaticalization of ‘苦(Bitter)’ serves as an important mechanism for conceptual metaphor, metonymy, and conceptual blending. It was found that the meaning extension of ‘苦(Bitter)’ follows the directions of animate>inanimate, concreteness>abstractness, physical>social>psychological, and generality>analogy> tolerance according to the principles of human cognition. ‘苦(Bitter)’ series words are used more in negative situations than in positive expressions.

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