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The Neo-Confucian Turn of the “Wentong” Concept in the Tang-Song Period

  • The Journal of Study on Language and Culture of Korea and China
  • Abbr : JSLCKC
  • 2026, (79), pp.361~383
  • DOI : 10.16874/jslckc.2026..79.013
  • Publisher : Korean Society of Study on Chinese Languge and Culture
  • Research Area : Humanities > Chinese Language and Literature
  • Received : January 10, 2026
  • Accepted : February 20, 2026
  • Published : February 28, 2026

Park, Sung Won 1

1复旦大学 中国语言文学系

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The concept of “wentong (文統, literary orthodoxy)” serves as a core term characterizing literary orthodoxy in the history of Chinese literature. Previous studies have largely been confined to the context of Han Yu’s Ancient Prose Movement or its relationship with Song dynasty Neo-Confucianism, lacking a diachronic examination of the concept's semantic shifts. To bridge this gap, this study applies Reinhart Koselleck’s methodology of Begriffsgeschichte (conceptual history)—specifically the framework of “space of experience (Erfahrungsraum)” and “horizon of expectation (Erwartungshorizont)”—to trace the evolutionary process of the wentong concept from the Tang to the Song dynasty. The research reveals that while “wentong” existed merely as a latent possibility in Liu Xie’s discourse, it was established by Han Yu as an independent literary genealogy coexisting with “daotong (道統, moral orthodoxy).” However, following a reconstruction by Northern Song Neo-Confucians, the concept eventually underwent a process of “Neo-Confucianization” under Zhu Xi in the Southern Song, becoming completely subordinated to daotong. These findings suggest that Tang-Song literary history should be viewed as a dynamic process of conceptual genesis, tension, and reconfiguration, and furthermore demonstrate the validity of applying conceptual history methodology to the study of pre-modern East Asian intellectual history.

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