2019, Vol.64, No.

Korean Semantics 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.11

pISSN : 1226-7198 / eISSN : 2734-0171
https://journal.kci.go.kr/semantics

In this study, the counseling conversation between the counselor and the client was analyzed and the meaning of sentence ending according to the position and role of the conversation participant was examined. In addition, how participants’ strategies are reflected in the use of sentence endings are examined. A total of 34 conversation counseling materials were collected and transferred in this study. As a result, a total of 6,616 sentences and 23,300 tokens were analyzed The discussion mainly focused on the usage pattern of the endings, and the results are as follows. First, the respondent P1 and the consultant P2 intentionally use the sentence endings. Second, P1 uses formal endings and informal endings for problem solving of P2. Third, because of the characteristics of the genre of counseling conversation, P1 uses the integrated form with ‘- 실까요?’. This intentionally carries out indirect speech act. Fourth, P2 tries to avoid direct expression of its own mistakes in problem description at the stage of problem description. P2 uses the ‘--거든요’ and ‘-ㄴ데요’ that have the meaning function of ‘reason’. Finally, P2 uses ‘-죠’, which has the meaning of ‘confirmation’, to achieve the communication purpose of ‘problem solving’.

This paper aims at showing how past and non-past cut-off points in Korean and English are corresponding to each other in terms of linguistic generalisation and linguistic diversity with investigating semantic functions of cut-off points of past and non-past through analysing Korean English sentence pairs which are extracted from Korean and English parallel corpus. It can be quantitatively and qualitatively approached that the functions of the cut-off points of the temporal markers take roles in certain ways by examining how they are actually appeared in the sentence pairs of Korean and English expressing the same meaning. The majority of ‘-eot-’ is corresponding to simple past in English. But there are another various interesting usage patterns. For instance, ‘-eot-ue-myeon’ is to past modal expressions in English, ‘-eo ji-eot-’ and ‘-gei doi-eot-’ are to present perfect in English, ‘-eo/-go yiss-eot-’ and ‘-doen joong-yi-eot-’ are to past progressive in English. Korean temporal marker ‘-eot’ tends to have certain patterns of forms(periphrastic constructions) when they correspond to certain English tense and modal categories. The majority of ‘-geit-/-l geot-’could not be said they are corresponding to simple future tense. ‘-geit-/-l geot-’ tend to correspond to past and present modals in English and they are corresponding to from tense markers such as ‘will’ and ‘be going to’ to lexical verbs such as ‘expect’ and ‘wish’. It can be said that Korean future temporal markers ‘-geit-’ and ‘-l geot-’ show the spectrum over the grammatical categories and semantic categories.

This study reviewed case studies concerning Korean scope expressions so far in order to establish a foundation for scope-related researches in Korean. ‘Scopes’—semantic categories—regulate the existence and property of objects, phenomena, actions and events through ‘limits’ and ‘regions’. Scope markers, lexical and grammatical constructs that express scope functions, possess spatial and quantitative features. ‘Scopes’, as a form of spatial metaphor, are constructed by either exclusion or inclusion. The meaning of a scope can be manifested in the forms of lines, surfaces, volumes and teams. Semantic types of scopes vary, including space, time, quantity, agent, object, degree, level and so forth. In addition, ‘scopes’ have other semantic features such as integrity and locality, objectivity and subjectivity, tangibility and obscurity, movement and stillness, directionality and non-directionality, etc. When multiple scope expressions appear simultaneously, initial scopes precede final ones, temporal and spatial scopes precede quantitative ones, larger scopes precede smaller ones.