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Designing an Early Literacy Assessment Tool

  • Journal of Studies on Schools and Teaching
  • Abbr : JSST
  • 2024, 9(2), pp.123-148
  • DOI : 10.23041/jsst.2024.9.2.006
  • Publisher : Education Research Institute at CNUE
  • Research Area : Social Science > Education
  • Received : July 1, 2024
  • Accepted : August 30, 2024
  • Published : August 30, 2024

Shim, YoungTaek 1 JeongHye Han 1

1청주교육대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Early literacy refers to the period during which foundational literacy skills are being developed, including recognizing letters, reading aloud, and reading fluently. However, struggling readers often lack the reading skills and knowledge, which leads to the Matthew effect in the reading of development due to reading skill gaps. Considering the developmental characteristics of such readers and their reading development, an early literacy assessment tool was designed to allow for a quick and accurate evaluations, and was suitable for educational settings and can be used frequently. First, a theoretical framework and context for the early literacy assessment tools were examined through a review of the existing research. The assessment was divided into five domains: printed text recognition, phonemic awareness, word reading, vocabulary skills, and reading fluency. With the assistance of the field teachers, the initial tool design, which consisted of 31 items was completed by validating the items with 28 lower elementary school students. The data from 332 first-grade students was collected and analyzed using the prototype measurement tool. Notably, the struggling students showed significantly lower accuracy rates in the printed text recognition and vocabulary domains, while their phonemic awareness and word reading displayed relatively similar accuracy rates to other students. In terms of the average response time, the struggling students took considerably longer to comprehend the items. Based on the data analysis results, the item modifications were made in collaboration with the literacy experts to adjust the difficulty level of each domain. The design of the diagnostic tool composed of 35 items, was completed, the aim of which was to help develop the early literacy deficit prediction model, by using data collected through a tablet-based application.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.