2020, Vol.10, No.1

Asia Review 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.86

pISSN : 2234-0386
https://journal.kci.go.kr/asiareview

The Sa Huynh culture of central Vietnam has garnered the interest of the Korean archaeological community due to its use of large jars (produced specifically as coffins) in funerary practices. In particular, there have been active attempts to compare the Sa Huynh jar coffins with the large jar coffins of the Yeongsan River region of southern Korea. Although these attempts at comparison are academically meaningful, they are lacking in terms of a wider understanding of the ancient burials and funerary practices, contemporaneous to the Sa Huynh culture, that were used throughout Southeast Asia at the time. The Dong Son culture, which was spread out over northern Vietnam and southern China, is characterized by distinctive burials and funerary practices that are different from, but nevertheless contain traces of interaction with, the Sa Huynh culture. In the Laos highlands, stone jars were used as coffins, which can be regarded as illustrating a continuation of the same burial concept, albeit expressed though a different medium (i.e. stone). On the other hand, simple pit burials or wooden coffin burials were mainly used in the regions of Thailand and Cambodia, with the use of jar coffins limited only to infant and child burials. A more developed understanding of the various kinds of burials and funerary practices used throughout Southeast Asia will provide the context in which the jar coffin burial culture of the Yeongsan River region can be better understood in the future. Such an understanding is also necessary in order to understand the long -distance trade network (involving the movement of carnelian, glass beads, etc.) which linked Southeast and Northeast Asia.

Despite strong economic growth, the developmental pathway in East Asia which has global importance faces structural social conflict, and also shows national differentials in the developmental strategy and the role of the state. This study empirically analyzes the factors influencing governance efficiency, focusing on the components of the developmental state, unlike the previous approach to the state as an independent variable. In particular, it suggests an alternative framework which reflects the spirit of Asian capitalism and the cultural residue by extending an analytical model with various development values. The results show that the autonomy, capacity, network, and vision have a statistically significant effect on the role of the state. The finding that state autonomy, which is a key element of developmental state, negatively affects the level of governance is presumed to be closely related to the process of diverse differentiation. The fact that the motivation and financial aspects have a positive impact on the role of the state indicates that the economic dimension is still an on-going variable. The relative importance of network and developmental vision can be seen as a factor in increasing the level of governance and determining the direction of social development through the characteristics of network structure and cultural value system. It is necessary to reconsider the nature of the developmental state as the power shift moves from the state to the market and civil society. The new governance and value system can be the potential of the state by adjusting social interests on development and enhancing the trust of the government.

This research aims to analyze China’s cyber security strategy based on identity and perception, and apply it to North Korea to predict how the North Korea’s cyber security strategy will take shape in the future. Specifically, China’s cyber security strategy can be classified into “minimization of regime threat,” founded on type identity and threat perception and “maximization of opportunity for status,” rested on role identity and opportunity perception. Underlying this, we suggested the direction of North Korea’s cyber security strategy. The analysis shows that both China and North Korea seek “minimization of regime threat,” but China is shaping its cyber security strategy predicated on the threat perception related to type identity of the Communist Party’s socialist regime, while North Korea is expected to shape its cyber security strategy based on type identity centered on their personal leader. In terms of role identity and opportunity perception, both sides seek “maximization of opportunity for status,” but China recognizes cyberspace as a new drive of economic development that could realize its role identity as the “China dream.” On the other hand, North Korea, which recently announced its shift to “all-out focus on socialist economic construction,” is expected to strengthen its cyber activities as a means to normalize its status under the limited circumstances of sanctions while keeping a close eye on China’s economic development following its informatization.