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Special Border Economic Zones in Thailand and Economic Integration of the Mekong Region | Eunhui Eom

EOM EUNHUI 1

1서울대사회과학연구원

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Thailand has undergone repeated episodes of political turmoil in its history and has even experienced the so-called “trap of a middle-income country” since 2000s. Yet, Thailand is the most advanced country in the Mekong basin and has the potential to lead regional economic integration and innovation. This study argues for the need to revisit Thailand’s economic and industrial policy not only at the domestic level but also from a viewpoint that encompasses the Mekong sub-region. Here, the aim is to examine the policy of the ‘Special Border Economic Zones of Thailand’ (SBEZ) in relation to the Thailand +1 business model by Japanese investors. The concept of SBEZ could be realized by creating productions bases along border zones between Thai and CLM (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar) as well as enhancing both inter-regional and intra-regional connectivity in the Mekong region. Thailand’s SBEZs was firstly initiated by the Thaksin administration since 2003, however it encountered strong resistance from local authorities and subsequently generated wide conflicts on pros and cons of the SBEZ within Thai society. Currently SBEZ policies are advancing towards rapid implementation of pilot locations under the Prayuth government and he also firmly committed in formulating favorable integrated policies supporting SBEZ. Toward development of future cooperation between Korea and the Mekong region, this study suggests that it will be necessary to understand the strategic importance of Thailand’s strategic position in the Mekong region and we should identify the niche points through which Korean companies can gain comparative advantages.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.