2018, Vol., No.40

The Journal of Chinese Cultural Studies 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.44

pISSN : 1598-8503 / eISSN : 2714-0067
https://journal.kci.go.kr/cccs

Human beings continuously form and expand the relationship with others not because they are biological beings but because they are socio-cultural beings. In the ecosystem of the earth on which we live, the awareness of life is also coupled with the relationship between human and human and the relationship between human and non-human. This paper focuses on ‘relationship’ in the humanities study. Nowadays when human alienation and ecological unequal problem are raised urgently with the rapid development of science and technology, I analyze the meaning and examine the implications for the present with the ecological consideration through the research on Chuang-tzu(莊子)’s writing. Furthermore, I would like to escape from anthropocentric values and expand the horizon of the awareness of contemporary people to the values of the community of life in the systematic relationship with others. Nature is not an object to develop or to conquer but the root of life and the order of universe including human beings. We can seek the solidarity with nature by deriving the value conversion to the position of the community of life escaping from the intellectual prejudice. Because human beings are beings to change the society and to create new values with their own will. In this paper, I examined three issues on the ecological imaginations inherent in the Chuang-tzu(莊子)’s writing, paying attention to ‘relationship’. The writing of ‘Equal(平)’ is the understanding of the value of life and the method of existence of the individual. The writing of ‘Communication(通)’ is the understanding of the expansion of life with an acknowledgement the continuity or multiplicity of life. The writing of ‘Enjoyment(遊)’ is the way of enjoying life and the ideal status of improving the individual with working of life in harmony. The research on the issue of the subject and the object and the issue on the alienation and the coexistence reminds the contemporary people of the value of ecological coexistence and gives the opportunity for an humanistic alternative of complementary life.

This paper focuses on the narrative structure & content analysis of Datang San Zang Buddhist Scriptures text. We can see the value and character of this book from this study. The first is mostly the morphologic theory associated with the format and genre of the epic tale. I have made a clear analysis of the difference between poetry as a style generally referred to in Chinese literature. And I analyzed where the ‘說经’ belongs among the ‘說話四家’ classified by the storytellers of the Song Dynasty. In particular, I argued my opinion on the problems raised by ‘李時人’ ‘蔡鏡浩’ two scholars by referring to related papers and previous research. Second, I attempted a structural analysis of how the narrative of this book evolved. This book consists of 17 chapters. Chapters 1 through 6 are mainly two characters, ‘Monk Tang’ and ‘Monkey King’. And the story is that Monk Tang overcame his first tribulation with the help of Monkey King. The most notable of the chapters 7 to 13 is that ‘Monk Sha’ appears. ‘Monk Sha’ had an inevitable connection with ‘Monk Tang’ in his previous life. He had eaten Monk Tang in his previous life, and put on a necklace made of skulls. Chapters 14 through 17 primarily describe the process of the monk’s arrival in India and obtaining Buddhist books. In particular, this novel emphasizes the process of obtaining the Original Text of ‘Prajnaparamita-hrdaya-sutra’. I expect that the analysis in this paper will be a good reference for researchers especially in ‘Journey to the West’.

XuanZang who was monk of Tang dynasty was very famous person. At 7 century XuanZang went to the west to bring Buddihist scripture to the china. He went around over one hundred countries for seventeen years. His miraculous story carried down for long time. Yuan Zaju 「Journey to the West」 was created at these foundation. Joseph Cambell(March 26, 1904 – October 30, 1987) was an American mythologist, writer, and lecturer, best known for his work in comparative mythology and comparative religion. His work covers many aspects of the human experience. Campbell’s magnum opus is his book The Hero with a Thousand Faces (1949), in which he discusses his theory of the journey of the archetypal hero found in world mythologies. Since the book’s publication, Campbell’s theory has been consciously applied by a wide variety of modern writers and artists. In the heroic mythology by Joseph Cambell the first stage is departure. In the Journey to the West of Yuan Zaju the main character Tang Seng went to a royal summons. But his three disciples Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie and Sha heshang at first refuse royal summons. On their ordeal itinerary they depend on assistance of supernatural helper. At Second stage they went through many ordeals. On their ordeal itinerary they depend on assistance of supernatural helper. Third stage is return. Return of hero means rebirth of life. In this respect Journey to the West of Yuan Zaju has color of mythology of rebirth.