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The Period of Dokugawa Bakufu: From the Perspective of Inclusivity and Significance of Korean Neo-Confucianism

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2010, (100), pp.637-670
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

김승일 1

1동아대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Although Dokugawa Ieyasu established Dokugawa Bakuhu after ruining his sovereign in the name of providence, he was much concerned that others probably ruined his sovereignty in name of providence as he did. Therefore, it became a vital task for Dokugawa Bakuhu to settle down the agitation of “the tail wagging the dog” in the period of “Warning States” and to revert feudal orders. In addition, they should also reasonably explain the legitimacy of Edobakuhu. However, it’s pity that no one could explain this among Japanese scholars. There is no one with rich Neo-Confucianism thoughts among Japanese scholars. For this reason, the ruler of Edobakuhu is bursting to seek a new system of ideology and a scholar to explain the statue of Edobakuhu. At that time, no one had so much Confucianism wisdom except Hugiwara Seika, a Zen monk. During Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592, he encountered with Gang Hang, a famous Korean Confucian, who was forced to Japan by arrest. He didn’t know what Neo-Confucianism is until he met with Gang Hang and became his pupil influenced by Neo-Confucianism. From then on, he started out to study Confucianism. Dokugawa Bakuhu took Hujiwara Seika as their spiritual leader and accepted his suggestion to develop Korean Neo-Confucianism. They facilitated Japanese official education to absorb Korean Neo-Confucianism so as to re-organize their medieval social order back to modern age. The core of so-called Neo-Confucianism not only aimed at political stability, but also established their social system in Japan by making flexible use of their thoughts on society. As a result, Edobakuhu set up General-centered “Master-Slave Relationship” (that is, the model of patriarchal system) and hereditary identity system to solidify social order. Under such circumstances, the social order established in Dokugawa times and capital ethic awareness are formed into the basic spiritual elements of modern Japanese. By this, Japan realized modernization. Under this social background, “Japanese Civilization” called by Samuel Philips Huntington came into being.

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