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Branches and Cultural Prototype of Yemaeck in Pre-Qin Literatures

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2011, (103), pp.1-42
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Moon An-Sik 1

1전남 문화예술재단

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Yemaeck(濊貊) which is shown in pre-Qin(先秦) literatures lived around the Daling(大凌河) of the Liaoxi(遼西) for about 1,000 years from early Zhou(周) to late the Age of Wars(戰國時代). Yemaeck is rooted in ‘Bak(亳)’ which led in the lower layer of Xiajiadian(夏家店 下層文化) in Liaoxi, the southeast area of Inner Mongolia and Hebei(河北), not immigrants from the north area. Shang(商), Yan(燕), Gojuk(孤竹), Yeongji(令支) and Shanrong(山戎) were divided from Bak as well as it was an origin of Yemaeck. In Liaoxi, Bak appeared as the lower layer of Xiajiadian disappeared before and after the 15th century B.C. Bak led in the Daling culture(凌河文化) characterized by Liaoning bronze(琵琶型銅劍) daggers while inheriting the culture of the lower layer of Xiajiadian, and was gradually divided into Maeck(貊) and Ye(濊). Yemaeck developed through various relationships with China empire including Shanrong and East-violets(東胡), and Je and Yen. They survived until Yan established five county including Liaoxi in about the 4th century B.C. In addition to them, Homaeck(or Maeck) of north violets was active until the early he Age of Wars. Yemaeck was a partial axis of Korean ancient history inheriting the rather than a collateral being of Gojoseon(古朝鮮). However in Liaoxi, Gojoseon developed whose tribe and culture were different from Yemaeck. Yemaeck's base was destroyed under competition of Gojoseon, Yan and East-violets, and Liaoxi and Po Hai(渤海) which had different tradition from China since the Neolithic Era became Korean.

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