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Identity, Civilization, and Politics in Late Chosŏn Korea - The Case of Hong Manjong and Im Sangdŏk -

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2013, (109), pp.141-185
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Lee Jeong-il 1

1동북아역사재단

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the way in which Hong Manjong and Im Sangdŏk from the Young Disciples (少論) between the late 17th and early 18th centuries interpreted Confucianism, universal civilization and power relations, and sheds light on the degree to which the intellectual activities as above made impact on the shape of their own identity. In particular, what is remarkable here is the double structure where the interior of their identity was built in conjunction with the political stance of the Westerner-Young Disciples while the exterior of their identity was formed in line with the discourse on a self-reliant Confucian state vis-a-vis Han Chinese dynasty and Northern polities. In the former case, there were an antagonistic Other, emerging from the political center, and a nonantagonistic Other regarded as the object of their social engagement in the public sector of the society. The coexistence of different Others reflects the sociopolitical reality of power relations embedded within Chosŏn. The latter case also included both an antagonistic Other of Northern nomadic forces and a nonantagonistic Other of Han Chinese dynasty. That duality displayed the geopolitical reality based on the power relations between Qing and Chosŏn. Studying the combination of the internal and external sides in the identity of Hong and Im will enable us to comprehend the historical awareness and historiography of the Young Disciples more clearly in the context of East Asia, including Chosŏn, during the period.

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