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A history of Wolsongpojin

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2014, (115), pp.297-334
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Hodong Kim 1

1영남대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

According to 『the Sinjeung Donggukyeojiseungnam』(the Newly Revised Geography of Choson) book 45th, Gangwondo Pyeonghaehyun Guanbangjo, Wolsongpojin or Wolsongmanhojin which was naval barracks of Chosun, “was located 7 lee(2.75km) in the east of town” and “had one Soogoonmanho(navy general)” The ruins remains around Gyeongsangbukdo Uljingun Pyeonghaeeup Wolsongri 303-17. Wolsongpojin Stone Fortress, constructed in the 1555(Myungjong 10th year) kept the walls until the 1970s, lost most parts of the walls with the rebuilding of the region. According to 『the Uljingunjy』(the History of Uljingun), Soogoonmanho was assigned to Uljinpo and Wolsongpo by the establishment of Jinguan System of Sejo(1466, 12th year), but there was a record that Soogoonmanho was already in Wolsongpo before 1427(Sejong 9th year). According to 『the Sejongsillok(the Part of King Sejong in the Annals of the Choson Dynasty)』 『Girijy』(Geography of Choson), as a fortress to defend coastal waters of Gangwon-do, Wolsongpo had one navy vessel and 70 navy men with one Soogoonmanho to command them. Compared with other fortress of Soogoonmanho, Wolsongpo had the lowest number of navy vessel and men. Wolsongpo’s geographic characteristics with strong currents and sands hindering the approach to a bay made it with less vessel and men. There was a record of late Chosun that Samchukpo and Wolsongpo had no navy vessel and men. In spite of the claim of its abolition of Manho in Wolsongporyung during Hyojong’s rule, which meant the reduction of function of Yosesoohochu, Wolsongmanho had played an important role as a member of Ulleungdo’s Sootosa to maintain its function since Sookjong’s rule. Yong-bok Ahn‘s incident made it a rule for Samchukyoungjang and Wolsongmanho alternately to implement ‘Sooto(Find and Seek) Policy’ on Ulleungdo once per two to three years. Therefore, according to 『the Sejongsillok』 『Girijy』, there were 70 shooters in Wolsongpo, according to 『the Illsunglok』(1784)(Jungjo 8th year), Wolsongmanho had 4 hundreds of soldiers. In the record of May 10th 1784, Jungjo 10th year of 『the Illsunglok』, though it was a rule to dispatch Sootosa three times at due year, it started when the wind started to calm down, and it stopped when the wind was high. Therefore it was possible to dispatch Sootosa only for the period of 6 months around the year, and three times for 6 months. So it is probably that Sootosa was dispatched 3 times at due year. Except for this material, there were materials suggesting only that Sootosa were dispatched to Ulleungdo late April to May. With Sootosa’s round trip of Ulleungdo, on the map of 「Gangwon-do」 of 『Yeojido』 of the late 18th century, and 「Haejoajeondo」 of the Mid-19th century, were marked Uljin-Ulleungdo sea route. Sooto(Find and Seek) Policy implemented by Samchukyoungjang and Wolsongmanho alternately was abolished by the appointment of Seokgyu Jeon as a Jeonimdojang in Gojong 20th year(1883). Later, Given the importance of Ulleungdo seaway, Manho, Songjin Jo also served Ulleungdo-dojang in Gojong 25th year(1888),As Wolsongmanho held additional post of Ulleungdo-dojang, Manho usually entered Ulleungdo March and went out July or August. The abolition of Wolsongmanho’s additional post of Ulleungdo-chumsa shrinked the role of Wolsongmanho irrevocably.

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