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A Study on Promotion of Technical and Vocational Education in the Syngman Rhee’s Regime

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2015, (119), pp.329-372
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Kim Ho Jun 1

1연세대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of the technique of operation to educate the ‘nation’, which was emphasized during the policy making process in education, based on the vocational education policy in the Syngman Rhee’s regime. This was a national attempt to improve effect of the public education and to form modernized human resources against ‘decline in education quality’ phenomenon caused by humanities․admission centered curriculum and rapid educational expansion after formation of public education system in the 1950s. South Korea’s vocational education began with the capitalistic economic development, and more broadly, with modernization process. This cognition continued even after the Korea’s independence which led the new education system to focus on developing workforce and training each Korean to become a capable worker. Meanwhile, Syngman Rhee’s government launched to establish an economic development plan to accomplish economic independence in the mid-1950s. In order to promote the plan successfully, the improvement of production levels and skill sets of the workers had to be accomplished. Therefore, The Ministry of Education started the ‘5-year Vocational Technology Education Plan’ in 1957, which contained ‘qualitative improvement of education’ for every school, and trained technical professionals needed in various industries. The ‘5-year Vocational Technology Education Plan’ was a measure for the vocational education promotion targeting the secondary education that focused on securing research and development facilities, and retraining teachers. The Syngman Rhee government’s ‘5-year Vocational Technology Education Plan’ was the practice of the industrial development plan through promotion of vocational education, which had been discussed since late Choseon Dynasty. The plan was to educate people modern industrial technologies for national industry promotion, and to rectify humanities․admission centered educational convention. Moreover, it intended to foster helpful modern agents to increase production and to break down hierarchical view of feudal 士農工商, which was particularly represented by ‘humanities centered․disdaining technology’. This was an attempt to increase trained manpower. It soon continued by the president Chung-hee Park’s government ‘Human Resource Development’ policy which started in earnest with economic development plans in the 1960s.

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