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A review on Province(州)-Prefecture(郡)-Town(縣)system - understanding local administrative systems of Goguryeo -

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2019, (133), pp.5-46
  • DOI : 10.31218/TRKH.2019.03.133.5
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History
  • Received : February 27, 2019
  • Accepted : March 12, 2019
  • Published : March 30, 2019

JUNG HOSUB 1

1한성대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Identifying local administrative systems of Goguryeo can reveal its status as a centralized territorial state. As mentioned above, there is not sufficient evidence to support the presence of Prefecture-Town or Province-Prefecture systems to govern the local areas during the Goguryeo period. Although it has been plausibly suggested, it is still questionable whether it can be proven. Because all literature data have their own limitations and their interpretative perspectives vary. Nearly all available historical documents were written from perspectives of Tang or Silla people rather than Goguryeo’s own perspective nor contemporaneous with Goguryeo. The fact that there are not any known cases of Province or Prefecture, or Town recognized in the peculiar local names in Gogyreo period makes us skeptical of Province-Prefecture-Town system as Goguryeo’s local administrative system. Given the nomadic and military oriented characteristics of Goguryeo culture, it is unlikely that Chinese styled Prefecture-Town or Province-Town systems may have not been employed by Goguryeo. A sole uniformed administrative system applied to entire Goguryeo, however, would not match with its dynamic and flexible governing style in this country with multi-ethnic groups. Whether both central and local areas could have been completely controlled by such an ancient state like Goguryeo, is questionable. Goguryeo employed a castle centered local administrative system. It appears that roles of castle as a local administrative center and a military post had led to construct several hundred castles in Liaodong and northern Korean peninsula that was once a part of Goguryeo. In particular, scholarly attention should be paid to understanding its role as a militant post as well as an autonomous local center during the war with Sui and Tang dynasties in the end of Goguryeo era.

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