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A Study of Western Family Ethics - Based on Gabriel Marcel -

Sang-Kwon Choi 1

1한국교원대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study introduces Ontological Metaphysics of Marcel, which is not known, through his representative book ‘Homo Viator (Man on the Way)’ and his other books, briefly introducing a connection between the position of representative scholars who influenced Marcel, and that of Marcel. After that, it discusses the changes of philosophy and ideological dimension based on Marcel 's ideological change. Marcel claims “what defines man are his exigencies.” Marcel describes the concept of existence in two stages : the primary reflection being the existence that one feels in relation to its body and external senses, and the secondary reflection which is the existence understood in relation to the body and its inner consciousness. With self-awareness and empirical methods by secondary reflection based on sophisticated philosophical methods, Marcel explains a convergence with a wider world. ‘Sensational philosophy’ intended by Marcel can be said to originate not from a 'situation' but from within a 'situation'. Marcel explains that exigencies are considered participation within a situation, and participation level are classified as sensation, communion, transcendence. A specific approach concrete to the ontological mystery should be made at an ontological request. The ontological request is not a problem that can be explored within the logical scales of reasoning, but it must move toward the ontological inquiry and move on to the mystery of exigency where mutual subjectivity is the premise. Additionally, through specific points of the ‘mystery of the family bond,’ manifested on Marcel's criticism of the 'broken world,' it restores the lost realistic self and the independence of existence; and as it becomes a mutual (reciprocal) relationship respecting the freedom of each member of the family, at the same time, through the image of the family as an open community that does not reject others as if they are my family, it must be recognized as the basis of values that form the right human existence from its foundation. Thus this study aims to present a new ethical level rationale to create the correct family community in our society.

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