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A Study on Coloniality of Jinhae's New Town Planning by Japanese Imperialism

  • 인문논총
  • 2011, 28(), pp.181-210
  • Publisher : Institute for Human studies, Kyungnam University
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities

허정도 1

1창원대학교

Candidate

ABSTRACT

The focus of this research is in the specific area of Jinhae city and how it has been composed to form a new town for the Japanese Navy and only the Japanese. It also discusses what happened during the process. The reason why Japan chose Jinhae as a naval base was that they wanted to deploy a base in Southern Sasebo (佐世保) and northern Jinhae around Tsushima in order to secure the command of the Straits of Korea. Furthermore there was a strategy to dominate the Sea of Eastern Asia based on this. Jinhae is not like any other colonial cities that the Japanese moved into an existing urban area. It became a city to the end that the naval port and new town were constructed as their military force needed it after expelling residents who had peacefully lived there, with its beautiful coast and fertile land. Japan did not give the matter any earnest regard in terms of the law and procedure in the process of new town construction, because the land had already progressed their colony. The history of coercion and pillage in the small city at the end of the Korean Empire when the prestige of country was on the decline illustrates the contradiction of the history of modern cities in Korea. The following four findings were confirmed from this study. First, the construction of a new town and naval base in Jinhae was a typical colonial policy project, which is thoroughly reflected as compulsory plunder under the rule of Japanese imperialism. Although there was a stubborn resistance from residents, it was inadequate to interrupt brutality. Second, despite the fact that Japanese military authorities highly valued the naval base in Jinhae for its optimal conditions for manufacture and repair, the naval dockyard was only used for repair due to Koreans not being initiated in the ship construction. For this reason, there is a need for a more actual and exact re-evaluation of the status of the naval base in Jinhae, which is only known as ‘the best and the biggest’. Third, the plan of the new town began with an arrangement of the old gigantic Nettle Tree in the middle of Joongwon Square, which is the core space of the city. As a result it became a symbol of the traditional town and the Japanese city, before and after the construction of the new town. It should be considered replanting(再植) the Nettle Tree both historically and ecologically. Fourth, in the meantime, city research about Jinhae has been focused on the new town and has not been concerned with ‘Gyeounghwa Dong’ as an isolated area for Koreans. The urban social historic research is required for ‘Gyeounghwa Dong’ which was in charge of an important role for the urban space in Jinhae. Even though it happened 100 years ago, it is still a current issue as it could be ruminated on our society where the excluded social weak group from their land still exists during the construction process of the new town of Jinhae.

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