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The Developmental State and Neoliberal State in South Korea: A Historical and Comparative Analysis

  • 인문논총
  • 2016, 41(), pp.219-262
  • Publisher : Institute for Human studies, Kyungnam University
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Published : October 31, 2016

Joo-Hyoung Ji 1

1경남대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to overcome state-market dualism, statism, and methodological nationalism and the characteristics of the Korean neoliberal state. For this purposes, it raises four questions regarding (1) the limits of the developmental statist framework in understanding the contemporary Korean state; (2) the developmental and neoliberal forms of the Korean state; and (3) the difference between the Korean developmental state and neoliberal state. The Korean developmental state is characterized by the superiority of the political or cadre class over the capitalist class; state led investment coordination, risk management, and accumulation; and industrial development for catch up industrialization even at the expense of financial profitability. In contrast, the Korean neoliberal state is characterized by the superiority of the capitalist class over the rest of society; capital led investment coordination, risk management, and accumulation; and the dominance of financially oriented calculation. Accordingly, it involves (a) post democracy or the formalization of democracy and the hegemony of finance ministry and bureaucrats; (b) institutional support to financialzation, securitization and industrial competitiveness; (c) labor market flexibility; (d) financial globalization; and (e) capital led governance.

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