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How did Jeju Island become Korea's No. 1 tourist destination? : The Formation and Operation of the Jeju Development Regime in the 1960s and 70s

  • 인문논총
  • 2024, 65(), pp.167-191
  • DOI : 10.33638/JHS.65.8
  • Publisher : Institute for Human studies, Kyungnam University
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : August 31, 2024
  • Accepted : October 9, 2024
  • Published : October 31, 2024

TAE-YEON KIM 1

1제주대학교 사회학과

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Focusing on the formation of the 'Jeju Development Regime' in the 1960s and 70s, this study examines the background and conditions of how Jeju Island came to be recognized as Korea's No. 1 tourism destination. It examines how a barren island that was a backward backwater in the pre-modern era became 'paradise Jeju' in the modern era. This image was given to Jeju by Park Chung-hee's regime, which adopted the “devastated” island as a model for “reconstruction” after the 4-3 war, and divided tourism into a division of labor. To understand this, we examine how the “production of space” as “tourist Jeju” unfolded. The government laid the groundwork for tourism development in the 1960s with the slogan 'Jeju, Paradise'. In the 1970s, the island entered the tourism era with the expansion of mobility infrastructure such as roads and airports. Through this analysis, this study reveals that Jeju Island did not become a prominent tourist destination spontaneously due to its natural environment, but rather as a result of a variety of practices, including state-led plans.

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