Brain Science Approach of childhood disorder -Reading disability, ADHD and Autism- (아동기 장애에 대한 뇌과학적 접근- 읽기장애, ADHD, 자폐증을 중심으로 -)

lee myoung ju (이명주); Seoung-Woo Ahn (안성우); HAK-JIN KIM (김학진); Seo， Yoo-Kyung (서유경)

Brain Science Approach of childhood disorder -Reading disability, ADHD and Autism-

Journal of Special Education: Theory and Practice
Abbr : JSPED
2007, 8(1), pp.153-172
Publisher : Research Institute of the Korea Special Education
Research Area : Social Science > Education

lee myoung ju ¹, Seoung-Woo Ahn ¹, HAK-JIN KIM ¹, Seo， Yoo-Kyung ¹

¹부산대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to understand the etiology of child developmental disorder in terms of neurology. For that, the study reviewed neurological studies of reading disability, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. At first, in the reading disability, it's main problem is phonological processing deficit. The important cortical areas that exhibit dysfunction of reading are the left superior temporal gyrus(STG) and the left fusiform. STG is involved in phonological processing, and the fusiform is associated with the automatic process of visual word form perception. Next, ADHD combind type(ADHD/C) is different from ADHD inattention type(ADHD/I) in behaviour characteristics and neurological dysfunction. A number of studies have suggested an inhibitory deficit that is associated with right prefrontal lobe in ADHD/C. In contrast, ADHD/I exhibit sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms. But, the neurological study for ADHD/I is lack. Then, it had reported that language/communication problem of autism spectrum disorder is associated with dysfunction of left temporal lobe, STG, and Broca's region. In problems of social interaction of autism spectrum disorder, it is shown that the dysfunction of the medial prefrontal lobe, the orbital prefrontal lobe, the fusiform, and the amygdala is associated with them. Finally, the significance and directions of the study was proposed.

KEYWORDS

reading disability, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

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This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.

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