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A Study on Scholastic History of Education for the Hearing Impaired in Korea : From the late 19th century to 1970s

  • Journal of Special Education: Theory and Practice
  • Abbr : JSPED
  • 2010, 11(1), pp.177-202
  • Publisher : Research Institute of the Korea Special Education
  • Research Area : Social Science > Education

Byung-Ha Kim 1,  박경란 2

1대구대학교
2우석대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper was conducted to present the scholastic history of education for the hearing impaired in Korea. For that, we made three periodic divisions of education for the hearing impaired in Korea. From introduction & formation (1909) to the end of 1950s were regarded as a embryonic stage, 1960s was regarded as time of coming into existence, and after 1970s was set as a developmental period. Yu Kil-Chun introduced Europeanand American education of the hearing impaired to our country for the first time on the document of AINWON(one of deaf asylum, 啞人院) in “Seo Yu Kyun Mun(西遊見聞, 1895)”by the late 19th century, and Yi Ik Min has learned visual speech at Chinese Gaeum(啓音) School for the deaf in 1908 with Hall’s help and has begun education for the hearing impaired in Pyeong Yang in the next year. Then a statistical survey of Korean blind & deaf was reported by the Social Welfare Institution(濟生院), and it provided the reality of the deaf-mute and social medical information for the first time under the rule of Japan imperialism. After Korea gained independence, ‘Hangul finger spelling’was made by Yoon Baek Won and it promoted communication skills of the students with hearing impairment. Rhee Ki Su earned a master degree of education for the hearing impaired from Gallaudet university for the first time as Korean in the middle of 1950s. The department of special education was established in college from 1960s at Korea Social Work College, and then teacher education for the hearing impaired was established by four years college level, but the early stage of researches for the hearing impaired focused more on audiology and health & medicine than an educational and psychology aspects. After deaf and hard of hearing children were dealt with in 「Introduction to Special Education」(Rhee, Tae Young, 1963) partially, a limited number of studies on oral speech & auditory training were performed by teachers at the field. However, after 70s, various educational researches were performed such as history, teacher education, inclusive education and the literacy ability of the hearing impaired. In particular, researchers have begun to show the interest to a study about psychological developmental characteristics of children with hearing impairment in the late 70s. But when judging from a viewpoint of scholastic history, we have no choice but to prescribe 1970s as beginning period of the educational study for the hearing impaired in our country compared with the outcomes of studies performed after the end of 1970s.

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