2019, Vol.26, No.4

Korea Social Policy Review 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 2.47

pISSN : 1226-0525
https://journal.kci.go.kr/kasp

This study examines whether parenting behaviors (i.e., parent academic involvement, parental monitoring, and parental abuse) explain the effect of housing and neighborhood poverty on juvenile delinquency. This study merged data from the Korea Welfare Panel Study and the Korean Statistical Information E-local services, using multi-level structural equation modeling (MLSEM) to analyze the mediating effects of parenting behaviors. The findings suggest that in families suffering double burden of housing and neighborhood poverty, parent academic involvement decreases, which in turn increases juvenile delinquency. An increase in housing and neighborhood poverty also directly increases juvenile delinquency. However, parental monitoring and parental abuse do not mediate the effect of housing and neighborhood poverty on juvenile delinquency. The policy implications include alleviating housing and neighborhood poverty, as well as encouraging parents’ involvement in school and/or adolescents’ academic activities, to prevent juvenile delinquency.

Time is necessary, but unequally shared resources for one to secure income and happiness in labor markets and life-world. This paper argues that the distribution and use of paid work time is closely related with income inequality, and that it is also related with gender role specialization, relative bargaining power of women, and labor market status. Using the latest ten years’ KOWEPS data, this paper analyzes determinants of time-income poverty. Dual poverty status variables are constructed based on time poverty by long work-week threshold and household disposable income level, and longitudinal multinomial logit random effects models are estimated to analyze the effects of demographic characteristics and household-level labor supply factors. The effects of gender role consciousness and relative bargaining power are also estimated. Empirical evidence shows that dual poverty is not associated with gender role consciences, but strongly related with dual breadwinner status, with gender role consciousness having no significant impact. However, relative bargaining power has negative effects on dual poverty risks for women. Low wage employment, and labor market insider status such as union membership and insider status are found to contribute to reducing the risks of dual poverty.

This study focused on empirical analysis of how the socioeconomic status of origin correlates to the socioeconomic status of destination, and how the educational level of the child has the effect across birth cohort. To this purpose, mobility table, odds ratio, and regression analysis were utilized. The analysis found that the number of skilled workers has decreased and the number of service, sales and clerical jobs has increased from industrialized generation to democratization and information generation. In the process, the intergenerational hereditary succession of occupations has occurred especially in management profession and simple labor. However, it was difficult to find a distinct trend by cohort. In contrast, the regression results show that each cohort has different variables that affect his earned income. In the case of the industrialization generation, the educational background of the parents, along with their sons in the case of the democratization generation, was shown to have a significant influence on sons earned income, but the effect of their parents' socioeconomic status was not statistically significant. However, for the information generation, the effect of their academic background was not significant, but it showed a marked effect of their father’s educational background and socioeconomic status.