2015, Vol., No.62

The Publication and Distribution of the Commentary of Lotus Sutra and Cheontae

Nam kwon-heui | 2015, (62) | pp.5~63 | number of Cited : 2

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This research closely examined commentaries relevant to 『Cheontaesagyoeui』 and 『Lotus Sutra』. Cheontaejong in China transformed to practice-based to theory-based denomination and Goryeo Cheontaejong was established with supports of UiCheon. As the publication of 『Shinpyeonjaejonggyojangchongrok』 progressed, the unification of Buddhism was witnessed. This study mainly approached to currently existent editions of 『Beophwagyeong』 commentaries, one of the basic documents of Cheontaejong, outside of Korea, bibliographically. First, Cheontaejong led by UiCheon produced and distributed myriad documents abroad to China or Japan. However, after stagnation of Buddhism, they were mainly explored in early 13 century, which was a period of Goryeo military regime, by Yonse. Second, as one of the fundamental books of Cheontae, 『Cheontaesagyoeui』 written by ChaeGwan, who expanded Goryeo Cheontae to China, has reprinted edition (1089) and Gibokdogampan (1315). 『Cheontaesagyoeuijiphae』, the commentary of 『Cheontaesagyoeui』, has Gangyeongpan (1464) published in the year of King Saejo, Eulhaejapan and Eulhaejapan’s edition and the contents of each edition were mostly equivalent to their original contents with only few differences. Third, 『Cheontaesamdaeboobojoo』 is the commentary related to 『Beophwagyeong』 which was published in Boonsadaejangdogam in 1245 as a woodblock edition. It is very unique as it was printed in same period as the Tripitaka. The overall content is about composition of Jongui to Cheontaesamdaeboo, which consists of 『Beopwhamoongoo』, 『Beopwhahyeonui』, 『Mahajigwan』 and only a book of Vol. 1-5 is currently existent out of total 14 volumes. Fourth, as places of commentaries outside of Korea, there are 『Beopwhamoongoogi』 and 『Beopwhasammaechamui』 as woodblock books of China, and 『Myobeopyeongwhagyeonghyeonchan』(University of Kyoto), 『Beopwhagyeonghyeonchan』 (College of Ryukoku) 『Gwajoomyobeopyeongwhagyeong』 (College of Ryukoku), 『Beopwhamoongoobojeonggi』 (collection of Kanazawa), 『Beopwhagyeongmoongoogwa』 (collection of Kanazawa), 『Beopwhauiso』 (College of Otani) and 『Gwajoomyobeopyeongwhagyeong』(College of Buddhism) as books of Japan. Following commentaries of Cheontaesagyo and 『Beophwagyeong』 will perform a significant role on understanding formats and structures of the interpretation of the Tripitaka of UiCheon.

A Bibliographic Study of the Researches & Commentaries on Cheontae⋅Beophwa Included in Gyojang chongnok and Uicheon’s Spirit of the Times

Kim, Sung-Soo | 2015, (62) | pp.65~99 | number of Cited : 2

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A Commentaries(章疏) According to Cheontaejong(天台宗) in the Middle of Koryo Dynasty and the Shinpyeonjejonggyojangchongrok

park,yong-jin | 2015, (62) | pp.101~136 | number of Cited : 2

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Uicheon studied the ideology of Vijñaptimātratā under the Buddhist monk Usang at This paper analyzed the commentaries which are utilized the founding of Cheontaejong(天台宗) by Uicheon(義天). Its main contents are as follows. Uicheon founded the Cheontaejong in 1097(Suk-Jong 2). He lectured the Cheontae Doctrine(天台敎學) at the Kukcheongsa(國淸寺) in 1100. In addition, Uicheon in February 1101 selected 40 monks in the monk-test of the Cheontaejong. Thereby, Cheontaejong evolved. Uicheon used 「saddharma-pundarika-sutra(法華經)」, 「Mahāparinibbānatuttana(涅槃經)」 etc as the basic scriptures of the Cheontaejong. In addition, it utilizes commentaries written by a monk of the Tendai sect. At that times, the Cheontae Doctrine of the Uicheon was focused on Fahua xuanyi(法華玄義), Tientai-Shibuermen (The Ten Aspects of Non-duality 天台十不二門). The reception of commentary(章疏觀) by Uicheon appear well in 「Daegakguksa-Munjip (大覺國師文集)」. This paper analyzed the structure of the 「Shinpyeonjejonggyojangchongrok」 through above standard. Uicheon understanded the Buddhist Sūtra through the efficient use of commentaries(疏鈔). The array of commentaries in the 「Shinpyeonjejonggyojangchongrok」 was a unique standard which are So-cho-gi-kwa(疏鈔記科) hierarchical classification, author periodization arrangement, separate placement of Shilla and Koryo, Liao(遼) commentaries. In particular, Uicheon placed separately commentaries in relation to Cheontae Doctrine(天台敎學). Uicheon divided into Gyomun(敎門) and Gwanmun(觀門) for the commentaries in the 「Shinpyeonjejonggyojangchongrok」. A commentaries of Gyomun(敎門) consists of the scriptures including 「saddharma-pundarika-sutra(法華經)」 in the 「Shinpyeonjejonggyojangchongrok Sautrāntika(經部)」, and that of Gwanmun(觀門) consists of the commentaries of Śamatha and Vipaśyanā(止觀) listed in the 「Shinpyeonjejonggyojangchongrok Treatieses(論部」). Finally, this paper shows the lineage of the Tiendai monks of China, and listed the commentaries they wrote. The commentaries of the Tiendai sect became a standard when Uicheon founded the Cheontaejong.

A Consideration on the National Teacher, Daegak Uicheon and the Commentary of Vijñaptimātratā

Choi Jong Nam | 2015, (62) | pp.137~165 | number of Cited : 4

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Uicheon studied the ideology of Vijñaptimātratā under the Buddhist monk Usang at Hyeonhwasa(玄化寺) before entering Song(宋) dynasty, the Buddhist monk Hyerim at Hyeonseongsa(顯聖寺) after entering Song dynasty with the education and training of Hwaeom, Cheontae, Seon, and Religious Precepts etc, based on the idea of Harmony for the thought of Vijñaptimātratā, and had a discussion on the thought of Vijñaptimātratā with a buddhist monk of Beopsangjong(法相宗), Seonyeon. Uicheon recommended that, at first, you should learn BuddhāvataṃsakanāmamahāvaipulyaSūtra which explained the thought of Yusim (only-mind), the basis of the thought of Samgyeyusik(三界唯識) to know the ideology of Vijñaptimātratā in Ganjeongseongyusikrondangwaseo(刊定成唯識論單科序), Essence(性) and Form(相) in the thoughts of Vijñaptimātratā and Hwaeom should be studied together like the sun and the moon in the sky, or the heaven and the earth of Juyeok(周易). And also, he suggested that you should study in order of the times and the thoughts the doors of Hīnayāna(小乘), 始敎, 終頓敎 and 圓融, that is, Abhidharmakośa-śāstra, the thought of Vijñaptimātratā, Gishinron(起信論), and the thought of Hwaeom. In Gangwongakgyeongbalsa(講圓覺經發辭), Uicheon said the theory of the eighth consciousness of Vijñaptimātratā in India's Mahāyāna Buddhism, one of the main thoughts of the idealogy of Vijñaptimātratā, and the theory of the eighth consciousness in the thought of Vijñaptimātratā in Idia's Mahāyāna Buddhism among the theory of the ninth consciousness that was advocated by Paramārtha in China. In such a point of view, it means that he didn't accept the theory of the ninth consciousness of Paramārtha in Seopronjong(攝論宗) which was formed in 6C, but supported the thought of Vijñaptimātratā in India's Mahāyāna Buddhism, the theory of the eighth consciousness which Hyeonjang, Gyugi of Beopsangjong which was formed in 7C, Woncheuk(圓測) of Seomyeong school(西明學派) insisted. And Uicheon said that Aśvaghoṣa, Nāgārjuna, Asaṅga, Vasubandhu were different from their schools in the divisions of the Essential-nature school, the Śūnyatā school, the Dharma character school, but in the thought of harmony, their bases were same. Also, in the Shinpyeonjejonggyojangchongrok written by Uicheon, it includes the commentary contents of a total, 1,010 chapters, 4,857 books. Among this commentary, the commentary of Vijñaptimātratā has a percentage of 8.21% to the chapters, 13.6% to the books, a total 83 chapters and 661 books. In this commentary, there are no records of commentaries on China's Jironjong(地論宗), Seopronjong, Beopsangjong, and the course of Jironjong in the Seomyeong School. In the Shinpyeonjejonggyojangchongrok, there includes the Gusikjang(九識章) which was written to advocate the theory of the ninth consciousness by Paramārtha of Seopronjong. This commentary is not coincided with the thought of Vijñaptimātratā by Uicheon. But I assume that Uicheon would include it to the contents to help students for a deep understanding on Sūtra, Abhidharma as mentioned in Daeseonwangjejonggyojangjoinso(代宣王諸宗敎藏彫印疏) with the importance of the commentary.

A Bibliographical Study on the Wooden Type Buddhist Book Editions during the Joseon Dynasty Period

Il-Gie Song | 2015, (62) | pp.167~197 | number of Cited : 2

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The Study on the First Cast of Gapinja Type Hyangsansamchebeop Owned by Horim Museum

Kang, Soon-Ae | 2015, (62) | pp.199~224 | number of Cited : 1

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This paper will conduct a bibliographic study of the First Cast of Gapinja Type Hyangsansamchebeop owned by Horim Museum by reviewing in the order of its compilation and publication, its bibliographic characteristics, and a comparison of the First Cast of Gapinja type created around the 27th year of Sejong’s reign(1445) with the First Supplement Cast of Gapinja Type produced around the 10th year of Jungjong’s reign(1515). Hyangsansamchebeop owned by Horim Museum with seven pages missing (Chapter 1-5 front, rear section Chapter 41-42) is the only First Cast of Gapinja Type created around the 27th year of Sejong’s reign(1445). This edition has become jeobon of the First Supplement Cast of Gapinja Type produced around the 10th year of Jungjong’s reign(1515). The copy owned by Hosa Archives in Japan republished in the 20th year of Myeongjong’s reign(1565). Taken together bibliographic features through the comparison between the First Cast of Gapinja type and the First Supplement Cast of Gapinja Type by extracting 10 kinds of type, First, compare the difference between the First Cast of Gapinja type and the worn type of the Supplement Cast of Gapinja, the First Cast of Gapinja type are soft, graceful, and valanced as a whole. In contrast, the worn type of the First Supplement Cast of Gapinja have been thinner type for seventy years as a whole, the crossing portions of horizontal and vertical strokes are badly worn and off balanced, and the drawing strokes from side to side are no the aesthetic balance that seemed to intersect. Second, compare the First Cast of Gapinja type with the new molded cast type of the Supplement Cast of Gapinja Type, in the First Cast of Gapinja type, Scripts are refined, waves proved to be simple, and connection of handwriting are invisible. while in the new molded type, scripts are even more refined and well-balanced, the beginning of the letter and its drawing strokes are beautiful, waves proved to be very flexible and elegant, and in some scripts appears as it is connected to the flow of handwriting. Third, compare the First Cast of Gapinja type with the new wooden type of the Supplement Cast of Gapinja Type, in the First Cast of Gapinja type, Scripts are refined, In contrast, the wooden supplement types tend to have inconsistent thickness and size. the carvings are rough, Knife incisions show clearly when magnified. scripts are exceptionally large and stiff and some scripts proved to be balanced. The letters are distorted, and the part of the horizontal strokes are broken, and most of the letters are awkward. A comparison done of the First Cast Gapinja-Type Edition of Hyangsansamchebeop (Model A), created around the 27th year of Sejong’s reign(1445), with the First Supplement Cast of Gapinja Type produced around the 10th year of Jungjong’s reign(1515)(Model B) yielded the following 6 kinds of results. Most cases of Model A are right. sometimes the popular form of a Chinese character and the same meaning letters of different characters are used. The results of this study will contribute to the most fundamental research in bibliography, typology-related fields, and Korean classics.

A Study about the Jeobon and Pangak of Imshinbon in Samgukyusa

Yoo Boo hyeon | 2015, (62) | pp.225~252 | number of Cited : 0

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A Study on the Injo’s Reading Career in the Gyeongyeon(經筵) of Joseon Dynasty

JoongkweonKim | 2015, (62) | pp.253~296 | number of Cited : 2

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A Study on the Bibliographical Description of the Zhizhai-Shulu-Jieti

LeeSangYong | 2015, (62) | pp.297~325 | number of Cited : 1

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A Study on the Current Status and Operation of History and Culture Rooms of University Libraries

MIKYUNG HAN | 2015, (62) | pp.327~356 | number of Cited : 0

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Research on Publication Culture in Jeon-ra do in Early Chosun - Focused on Aspects of Publication by Local Public Offices -

KIM, SOHEE | 2015, (62) | pp.357~392 | number of Cited : 12

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A Bibliographical Study of Xinbian furen daquan liangfang in the Joseon Dynasty

홍란영 | 2015, (62) | pp.393~422 | number of Cited : 4

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『Xinbian furen daquan liangfang(新編婦人大全良方)』 of Chen Ziming(陳自明) in the Song Dynasty, examined in this thesis, is the professional medical book of gynecology, summarizing the medicine before the Song Dynasty. 『Furen daquan liangfang(婦人大全良方)』․『Furen daquan(婦人大全)』․『Furen liangfang(婦人良方)』 is the initials signature of 『Xinbian furen daquan liangfang』, and is generally used in the past and at present. 『Furen daquan liangfang』 was the signature when Chen Ziming first wrote, but was presumed to be named as 『Xinbian furen daquan liangfang』 later with correction, and it was issued at the edition of Qingyou Hall(勤有書堂) in Yuan dynasty. In Koryo dynasty, 『Xinbian furen daquan liangfang』 published in Yuan dynasty was imported, and published several times as Gapjinja(甲辰字) in Joseon dynasty. The value and position of Joseon Gapjinjabon could be identified bibliographically in East Asia by examining the woodblock-printed book of 『Xinbian furen daquan liangfang』 published at early Joseon period. In addition, features of the table of contents on gynecology changed in Joseon medicine were examined by comparing and reviewing the table of contents of 『Xinbian furen daquan liangfang』 and comprehensive medical book published in early Joseon period. 『Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)』 and 『Euibangyuchi(醫方類聚)』, published in the 15th century, accepted the table of contents of 『Xinbian furen daquan liangfang』 as it is to form the system of gynecology. It has table of contents suitable to features of each book but with some changes. It also reflected the features of Joseon medicine based on the medical experience of Joseon medical scientists. In the mean time, 『Ui Rim Chual-yo(醫林撮要)』, the comprehensive medical book published in the end of the 16th century, showed that the system of gynecology established in the 15th century, was changed into the medical system of Ming dynasty. In addition, the fact that contents of 『DongUiBoGam(東醫寶鑑)』 quoted the 『Furen liangfang buyi daquan(婦人良方補遺大全)』 possessed by Xiong Zongli(熊宗立), supported that more. 『DongUiBoGam』 established the table of contents of gynecology reflecting the features of Joseon, one step further from those of Ming medicine system of 『Ui Rim Chual-yo』. While the gynecology system of comprehensive medical book in the 16th century established a changed and new area under the influence of medical system of Ming dynasty, it still accepted the 『Furen liangfang buyi daquan』 that maintained the original contents of Chen Ziming, which means that the application and the value of 『Xinbian furen daquan liangfang』 were great in the medical system of early Joseon dynasty.

Conflict in the Process of Late Chosun Dynasty Anthology Publication Found in Antique Documents - Focus on the Eunbong Collection of Ahn Bang Joon -

Jo Jung gon | 2015, (62) | pp.423~453 | number of Cited : 1

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This study is an example of conflict occurred during the publication of family anthology at one of families in late Chosun dynasty. The object family of this study was the descendent line of Ahn Bang Joon who was the Ahns of Jooksan residing in the Bosung, Jeollanam-do and the object material of the study was concentrated on the ancient documents that owned by the main family including Eunbong Collection of Ahn Bang Joon. First, after looking at the life history of Ahn Bang Joon briefly, the process of publishing the Eunbong Collection has been explained which is an anthology as well as his writing and publishing activity. Ahn Bang Joon did various writing activities including the works related to the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592 known as Imjin war and 2 times of Manchu war as well as the party strifes based on his academic background such as ethics and royalty. His works was published by Ahn Chang Hyun who is his descendent in 1773 as the name of Woosan collection and the Eunbong Collection was published in 1836 by Ahn Soo Rok with collecting all works together that were not listed in Woosan collection. Later, based on this, the Eunbong Collection was published in 1864 by Ahn Young Hwan who is the 9th generation of Ahn Bang Joon with active assists from Yoo Gun Hwan who was a governor of Bosung county at that time. Second, two conflicts were described which happened in 1864 and 1867 during publication of Eunbong Collection. Second, two conflicts were described which happened in 1864 and 1867 during publication of Eunbong Collection. Second, two conflicts were described which happened in 1864 and 1867 during publication of Eunbong Collection. The conflict happened in 1867 was touched off by a person from one of branches of Woobong party who stole the main edition and ran away because he was afraid of disclosing that he pretended to be a main family due to the preface that mentioned about the name of main family’s person. Because of this, the publication center were divided into two places, Daegye lecturing hall and Woobongconsa, and the anthology was published without integration and there were difficulties to distribute it. The anthology publication center requested several times to government authority to distribute the integrated edition and eventually the appeal was accepted and the integrated could be distributed to all over the country. Through this conflict, it was understood that there were conflicts occurred with respect to the person and the position of the head family with anthology as a medium.

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2015, Vol., No.62