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Republic and Socialism(1898-1914)The Idea and Reality of Jean Jaures

  • Korean Review of French History
  • Abbr : KRFH
  • 2010, (22), pp.131~165
  • Publisher : KOREAN SOCIETY FOR FRENCH HISTORY
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Seo-Kyoung Roe 1

1서울대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

As Jacques Droz mentions, each country has its own socialist history. The battle for its implementation was never easy, because there are many elements which have an influence on the adoption of any political idea on a national level. There is no doubt that this also applied to France. Equipped with her 1789 Revolution and 1871 Paris Commune experience, French socialism under the Third Republic faced much dissension and confrontation among the factional parties. The Dreyfus Affair in 1898 made the internal struggle between French Marxists and Reformist socialists even more intense. Jean Jaurès, who had not been identified with socialism in his earlier days but who was already a capable, passionate republican, joined the socialist camp in 1893, and only five years later he became a powerful and controversial leader through his intellectual writings and speeches. He was constantly Republican, but his ideal was for a Social Republic. To this end in his activity in Parliament and in the press he criticized the bourgeois-based republican facade, moreover penetrated by the evil of capitalist However, he claimed members of the proletariat could overcome class divisions and become genuine human beings thanks to their class consciousness. This raises a number of questions concerning which conditions and which obstacles the Jauresian Republic against existing socialist realities had faced. This investigation may have merit because of the pressure from the French Syndicalism to the autonomy of the working class as opposed to the political parties at the turn of the century. The nationalist right force’s attack constitutes unsurmountable opponents to his socialism. The proposed method for this research is to examine the national and international congress from 1899 to 1908. We selected three among those and finally the anti-military mass meeting of Pré Saint-Gervais in May 1913.

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