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A Study on the Bodhisattva Statues in 16th Century

김광희 1

1동아대학교

Candidate

ABSTRACT

In 16th century, the policy of oppression with Buddism of King Yeonsangun and King Jungjong period and the policy of rivive Buddism of King Myeongjong period which there was an extreme opposistion period which is oppression with Buddism and revival of Buddism. The period is very important one because if was a stepping-stones between 15th century and 17th century. With reflecting phases of the times like this, the satues of Bodhisattva were made. The satues of Bodhisattva were seven during 16th century. They were composed of alone statues or assist of traid statues. The study of the Statues of Bodhisattva of 16th century is limited and the synthetic study is imcompleted. So this report has an object the grasping the characteristics of Bodhisattva and its making background. In 16th century, the statue Bodhisattva of shaped-cloth Surplice and Samkaksika were prevalent. The main characeteristics was summarized as diagramming, simplicity and omission. The satues of Bodhisattva in 15th century succeeded th the form of the Post-Goryeo, from the view-point of the second cylindrical crown detailed expression of hair and Muktahara ornament shidded its body. Gradually square-shaped features, gorgeous wooden crown which was attached after they were made separately and attached ornaments, omitted hair, omission of Muktahara and ornaments. The most popular Bodhisattva in 16th century are Avalokite Vara Images and Ksitigarbha Image. In 16th century, to Nirvana to the Land of Paradise belief and relief the pains in the actual world were characteristic. Specially, Ksitigarbha Image of the Saviour of the world. The statue of Mutitude Ksitigarbha and ten great Kings of hell. were appeared. So we can sew statue of Ksitigarbha, statue of Do-myeong, statue of King Mu-dok, statues of Ten Kings in the Royal palace of the underworld. From the view-point of materials, the gilt-bronze statues, and the dry lacquer statues were the main current of 15th century. In 16th century, wooden statues were increased. This change shows that the supporting center switched over the mass from the Royal household and the Gentry. In the 16th century, the supporting center are Buddhist Monk and the mass. And Sculptor make Buddhist statues are the Monk-Sculptors. So, the supporting center switched over the mass from the Royal household and the Gentry and Buddhist belief is the humble classes. The chief aims are the satues of Bodhisattva made in the 16th century is go after death to Nirvana to the Land of Paradise and the character of invoking a blessing which the pains in the actual world are dissolved and the descendants and a local resident concentraded Buddism.

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