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Metaphorical Expression and Communication in the Yogācāra School -Focus on Profound Work Ahn

Hwanki Ahn 1

1서울대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This article aims to clarify the role and meaning of metaphorical expressionoften used in the Yogācāra texts. Especially I note that theYogācāra school, one of the Buddhist sects, used metaphor to show thepeople the experience of the trainer. First, as a preliminary stage, I establishthe relationship between the metaphor and the common object whichis the concept of Yogācāra buddhism. After that I reveal the trait of themetaphorical expression in Yogācāra texts as follows. First, metaphor is used as the method[upāya] to show the ultimate stateat the level of the ordinary people. They are not able to easily understandthe content obtained through practice. So the trainers need to express itusing everyday language. The metaphor was a good means by which theycould sympathize with the people. Second, the Yogācāra school had toshow the subtle workings of the mind, including the ultimate state suchas nirvana which could not be realized by the ordinary people. TheYogācāra school expressed those works of the profound mind, the seventhmind[manas-vijñāna] and the eighth mind[ālaya-vijñāna], by metaphoricalexpression in order to communicate with the ordinary people. Third, in theearly Buddhist scriptures, the thought of Buddha was taught through thedialogue between Buddha and his followers. On the other hand, theYogācāra school logically and minutely described the important conceptssuch as nirvikalpa-jñāna(無分別智) and the consequential wisdom(後得智)for establishing the basis of Bodhisattva and the concept meaning the stateof mind, tri-svabhāva(三性), in Yogācāra texts. The concepts are demonstratedin the abstract. In this regard, the metaphor was a good methodto vividly express these abstract concepts.

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