This study examined how Korea’s fifth cycle evaluation of teacher education institutions influenced the operations and outcomes of a Department of Physical Education at a regional private university, using a document based case study. Drawing on five years of departmental and college records, evaluation manuals and guidance materials, and institutional reports and results, the linkages among evaluation indicators, operational responses, and outcomes were reconstructed over time. The findings showed that items amenable to short term adjustment, such as faculty course alignment, sectioning, documentation and internal monitoring, and practicum systematization, improved relatively quickly as practices became routinized, whereas structurally constrained items and externally measured outcomes (teacher appointment and related employment) changed more slowly. A single cutoff date scoring rule, together with regional recruitment volumes and local labor market conditions, further delayed score reflection. Accordingly, valid interpretation required reading not only scores but also the processes and documentary evidence behind them. Implications include institutionalizing an “assign document review” routine and continuously managing performance data aggregation in line with the cutoff date; future cycles may present year over year change alongside multi year averages.