2020, Vol.44, No.2

Journal of Tourism Sciences 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 2.7

pISSN : 1226-0533 / eISSN : 2713-6388
https://journal.kci.go.kr/JTS

This study examines the flow of tourism research on festivals during the past 30 years and discusses the implications and future prospects of festival research. We analyzed 482 papers published in the seven top-ranked journals in the KCI citation index in the field of tourism. Through content analysis, the flow and trends were examined from three perspectives: subject, year, and research contribution. The research topics were classified into “microscopic research” focusing on the festival participants, “medianscopic research” covering the organization and characteristics of the festival, and “macroscopic research” dealing with the political, economic, social, and cultural influences surrounding the festival. The main characteristics and meanings of each period were examined by dividing them into four periods: beginning (1989~1996), leaping (1997~2004), developing (2005~2010), and reflecting (2011~present). Citation index (IF), which summarizes the number of citations for each paper in subsequent studies, was used to examine the research contribution of each journal and the research contribution of individual articles. Six key issues were proposed: ① tourism and internationalization of festivals; ② motivation, experience, and satisfaction; ③ behavioral intentions and actual behavior; ④ research on non-participants; ⑤ evaluation and promotion; and ⑥ festivals as a leisure culture in which local residents participate. Through this study, we hope that Korea's festivals will be provided a foundation for sustainable growth where festival participants and all interested parties can be happy together.

Promoting tourism is a significant driver of regional economic, social, and cultural development, and effective tourism administration can successfully foster the development of local tourism. Despite the importance of regional tourism administration, the existing research on the performance determinants of tourism administration is limited. To understand the performance gap, this study adopted the theory of organizational capabilities to create a case study of the Mud Festival in Boryeong city. This study examined the influence of the organizational structure, specialized human resources, and organizational routines, which are the core organizational capabilities of local tourism administration. The case analysis of Boryeong city not only revealed the organizational limitations of traditional tourism administration but also showed the role and effect of public foundation organization to solve problems. Based on the study of the historical evolution of the Boryeong Mud Festival Organizing Committee to the Boryeong Festival Tourism Foundation, this research shows the crucial role of permanent foundation organizations in acquiring specialized human resources, constructing social networks, and instituting a profit-based accounting system in public administration. The research results present not only theoretical implications to academic researchers but also provide crucial practical implications to the leaders of regional governments and tourism administrators.

It is very unfortunate that so much of modern cultural heritage has been damaged or demolished in accordance with the demands of regional development. At a time when the courage to face the tragedy and pain of the past is needed, it is very meaningful to suggest a direction in which modern cultural heritage in Daejeon can be utilized as a tourist resource from a dark tourism perspective. This study both focuses on dark tourism, which combines history and education, and seeks a direction for the resourcezation of modern cultural heritage in the Daejeon area. To this end, the past and the present conditions of modern cultural heritage in Daejeon were examined, and the application method of the sites was presented from the aspect of dark tourism. Priority tasks should be the establishment of a concrete policy strategy on how to preserve and maintain the facilities and places of value as modern cultural heritage, the establishment of a detailed legal system, and ongoing administrative support. At the same time, another important thing that must be done is the establishment of a governance system in which local communities participate to promote the understanding of dark tourism and the revitalization of tourism, and the realization of the resourceization of dark tourism through the process of integrating various opinions. This research could provide an opportunity to induce the interest of tourists by linking it to the tourism industry through dark tourism, which has so far been of little interest.